Photosynthesis
Which organelle is integral to photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
Which organelle is integral to aerobic cellular respiration?
Mitochondria
Fermentation occurs in the absence of what substance?
Oxygen
In general, what is cellular respiration?
The process of breaking down glucose/food into energy (ATP).
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Glucose and oxygen
True or False: Aerobic cellular respiration is less efficient than anaerobic cellular respiration.
False - Aerobic CR produces 36 ATP from 1 glucose and anaerobic CR produces 2 ATP from 1 glucose.
What are the products of CR?
Carbon dioxide, water, and energy (ATP)
What is the similarity/relationship between the equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
The products of one reaction are the reactants of the other reaction, and vice versa.
Explain why leaves change color in the fall.
Less sunlight and colder temperatures during that time of year trigger the breakdown of chlorophyll. This reveals other pigments hidden underneath that reflect other colors.
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
6O2 + C6H12O6 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP)
What are the three steps of aerobic CR?
Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and Electron Transport Chain
What is the difference between heterotrophs and autotrophs? Name an example organism for each.
Heterotrophs need to consume other organisms to get their food, whereas autotrophs can produce their own food from sunlight.
If I shined a blue light on Plant A and a green light on Plant B, which one would perform more photosynthesis, and WHY?
Plant A because chlorophyll absorbs blue light very well to use for photosynthesis and it reflects green light (not absorbed).
Explain why your muscles get sore after a lot of physical activity.
Your cells end up reaching a point where they need more oxygen than they are getting. This causes them to switch to anaerobic CR (lactic acid fermentation) as a backup, and one of the products of this is lactic acid. Lactic acid buildup makes your muscles feel sore.
Why does fermentation occur at all if it doesn't produce any ATP? (Be specific.)
It produces NAD+, which can be used to start another round of glycolysis. It is glycolysis that produces the ATP in the anaerobic pathway.
Explain how the different ingredients in a cheeseburger would be affected if the sun disappeared.
Buns - Come from wheat, wheat needs sunlight for PS
Lettuce, tomato, pickle, onions, etc. - Plants, need sunlight for PS
Beef, cheese - From cow, cow eats grass to do CR, grass needs sunlight for PS