Scientific Method
A proposed answer to a question that has NOT yet been tested
hypothesis
What are the two categories of pure substances?
elements and compounds
How are elements on the periodic table arranged?
By atomic number
Speed = Distance / Time
Energy that is stored due to an object's position or shape.
Potential energy
What are the metric base units for distance, mass, and volume?
Distance - meter
Mass - gram
Volume - Liter
Name an example of a heterogenous mixture
sand, soil, concrete, cereal, etc
Name the 3 subatomic particles in an atom and tell me each of their charges
protons - positive
neutrons - neutral
electrons - negative
What does it mean if an object's acceleration is negative?
It is slowing down
Name 2 out of the 6 forms of energy.
Electrical
Electromagnetic
Thermal
Nuclear
Chemical
Mechanical
What is the variable that the scientist intentionally changes in the experiment?
manipulated variable (independent variable)
When a solid changes directly to a gas
sublimation
Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons
isotopes
What is the gravity on Earth equal to?
9.8 m/s2
Give an example of an energy transformation where electrical energy changes to thermal energy
answers will vary
What do you do if your data does NOT support your hypothesis?
Revise your hypothesis
What does Kinetic Theory of Matter say?
All particles of matter are in constant motion.
When are atoms most stable and unlikely to react?
When they have a full outer energy level of electrons
When skateboarding, a person kicks off the ground backward in order to move forward on the board.
Which Law of Motion is this an example of?
Newton's 3rd Law of Motion - For every action there is an equal but opposite reaction
Name 2 examples of Nonrenewable energy resources
oil
natural gas
coal
nuclear fission
What is the difference between the experimental group and control group in an experiment?
Experimental group receives the thing being tested while the control group does not.
What is the difference between endothermic phase changes and exothermic phase changes?
Endothermic absorbs energy from its surroundings
Exothermic releases energy back to its surroundings
Which type of bond occurs when metal atoms transfer electrons to nonmetal atoms?
Ionic Bond
How are mass and weight different from one other?
Mass is the amount of matter in an object, weight is the measure of gravity on an object's mass
Name 4 examples of renewable energy resources.
hydroelectric
solar
geothermal
wind
biomass
nuclear fusion