Characteristics
Fjord: a long, narrow inlet of the sea, surrounded by high, rugged cliffs. In which physical landscape can you find it?
Caledonian Mountains
How the Alps were formed.
Collision of the African Plate with the Eurasian Plate and disappearance of the Tethys Sea.
3 Human Advantages of the Alps.
-Tourism (boost economy, employment, infrastructure)
-Agriculture and pastoralism (livestock)
-Local industry
-Hydroeletrical power
3 Human Disadvantages of the Northern Plains.
-Limited natural barriers- such as mountains, against the winds and storms.
-High potential for floods.
-Some areas can easily get affected by the rising of the sea level.
Where is the Northern Plains located?
The North European Plain extends from the southern United Kingdom east to Russia. It includes parts of France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Poland, the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), and Belarus.
What is the name of the physical landscape whose mountains have rounded tops?
The Variscan Mountains.
How the Caledonian Mountains were formed.
The Caledonian mountains were created when the North America plate and Euroasian plate collided.
3 Human Advantages of the Baltic Shields.
-Mineral exploitation
-Natural Beauty: stunning landscapes, including vast forests. Good for outdoor activities such as: hiking, fishing, and boating.
-Stability: (low risk of earthquakes and volcanic activity)
-Cultural Heritage:Sami culture and historical sites.
3 Human Disadvantages of the Alps.
-Remoteness
-Lack of opportunities (education, industry, information, inovation)
-Ecosystem fragility
-Isolation
-Agricultural challenges
-Mass Tourism
Where is the Baltic Shield located?
Locate in the northern Europe, includes Norway, Sweden, Finland, the Kola peninsula ( Northern Russia), also Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
Flat and very fertile land for agriculture.
The Northern Plains.
How the Variscan Mountains were formed.
Variscan Mountains: are the result of the collision between Africa, north America and north European continent.
3 Human Advantages of the Northern Plains.
-High human population – flat and easy to build;
-Due to glacial deposit – alluvial soil/fertile for agriculture.
-Some rivers are very important for human activities (Rhine)
-Easy and cheap to build communication routes
3 Human Disadvantages of the Variscan Mountains.
-Limestone and sediments are not always the most fertile land, so not ideal for agriculture.
-Limited (or not so interesting) Economic Opportunities – Lower income.
-Often, economy based on the industry (in those areas)
-Difficult to construct due to the relief
Where is the Alps located?
They stretch across several countries, including Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia, Liechtenstein and Switzerland.
A physical landscape with flat terrain and the presence of several lakes and small islets.
The Baltic Shield
How the Northern Plains were formed.
-Erosion
-River-sediments deposited in the sea compressed and uplifted.
-Various soils, sands and gravels
-Glacial deposition.
-Loess Deposits
3 Human Advantages of the Caledonian Mountains.
-Farming: extensive, pastoral, hill farming livestock.
-Stunning landscape develop tourism in this area, hiking.
-Peaceful and quiet;
-Sense of Community;
-Rich Biodiversity (fauna and flora)
3 Human Disadvantages of the Baltic Shields.
-Bad for agriculture and farming;
-Difficulty growing deep roots due to hard soil/rock;
-Extreme conditions of climate: Northern latitude causes very harsh climate;
-Remote and Sparsely Populated Areas
-Seasonal Daylight Variation. This can affect daily routines and impact mental well-being.
Where is the Caledonian Mountains located?
Scandinavia Mountains, Svalbard, Scottish Highlands, Iceland, Greenland, North Ireland and North Wales.
High elevations, rugged plateaus, and steeply sloping land define the region.
The Alps.
How the Baltic Shields were formed.
3 billion years ago
-Volcanic activity and accumulation of sediments.
-Accreation and terrane collision
-Subduction and volcanism with multiple tectonic events.
-Glaciation and erosion.
3 Human Advantages of the Variscan Mountains.
-Opportunities for tourism due to the landscapes, hiking.
-Importance of the rocks for industry (construction)
-Tranquility and Serenity (urban exodus);
-Clean air and water resources (rivers and streams)
3 Human Disadvantages of the Caledonian Mountains.
-The soil is very thin, not good for agriculture;
-Transportation is difficult due to harsh relief and hilly topography (Transportation Constraints);
-With extensive farming, they don’t profit a lot of it.
-Limited amenities and Remote Location
-Harsh Climate
-Limited Job market;
Where is the Variscan Mountains located?
The Important highlands include the Massif Central and the Vosges in France, the Ardennes of Belgium, the Black Forestland the Taunus in Germany, and the Ore and Sudeten in the Czech Republic. Also the South-Eastern Europe from North Portugal and Spain, Britany in France and even parts of Ireland and UK.