Physical Science Review
The two objects shown are the same size. However, one object is made of wood, and the other object is made of plastic. Which of the following properties of the objects will be the same?
A. mass
B. texture
C. volume
D. weight
C. Volume
Both cookies and gelatin desserts are solids although their textures are very different. What do they have in common that makes them solids?
A. They both may be eaten.
B. They both keep their own shape.
C. They both can move around in a container.
D. They both are made of solids such as sugar.
B. They both keep their own shape.
Imagine you have a bucket of saltwater. Which of the following would be the best way to remove the water so that you're left with only salt?
A. Stir the saltwater for a long time. The salt will form a crystal.
B. Leave the saltwater to sit for a long time. The salt will settle to the bottom.
C. Boil the saltwater. The water will evaporate and only the salt will remain.
D. Freeze the saltwater. The water will sink to the bottom and the salt will rise to the top.
C. Boil the saltwater. The water will evaporate and only the salt will remain.
Which of the following describes an example of a material undergoing a chemical change to become another material with different characteristics?
A. Iron turns to rust when it is exposed to oxygen.
B. When water boils, it turns into vapor, which is a gas.
C. Oxygen can become liquid at a very low temperature.
D. Gold can be spread out very thin to cover a large area.
A. Iron turns to rust when it is exposed to oxygen.
Iron becomes rust when it reacts with oxygen. Which of the following is another example of a material undergoing a chemical change to become another material with different characteristics?
A. melting ice
B. burning wood
C. freezing water
D. shattering glass
B. burning wood
acob found a piece of a broken glass bottle. He picked it up and made these observations about it:
1. No color (clear)
2. Makes scratches on wood
3. Has a bumpy surface
4. Broke when I dropped it
He thinks the glass is a solid and most of his observations could only apply to a solid. Which one of his observations could possibly apply to a solid, a liquid or a gas?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
A. 1
George's science teacher has a mixture of table salt and iron filings. Which of the following would be the best way to separate the salt and the iron filings?
A. use a magnet to pull the iron filings from the salt
B. add food coloring to the mixture to make the salt change color
C. pour them into a beaker of water and see if the iron filings float
D. heat up the mixture to see if the salt or the iron filings will burn away
A. use a magnet to pull the iron filings from the salt
Abdul uses sugar cubes to sweeten his tea. He wonders whether stirring his tea will make the sugar cube dissolve faster or slower. If Abdul stirs his tea, what effect does it have on the rate at which the sugar cube dissolves?
A. The rate that the sugar cube dissolves will speed up.
B. The rate that the sugar cube dissolves will slow down.
C. The rate that the sugar cube dissolves will remain the same.
D. The rate that the sugar cube dissolves will slow down and then stop.
A. The rate that the sugar cube dissolves will speed up.
Which answer describes a way that a liquid can be turned into a gas?
A. Apply enough heat to cause evaporation.
B. Apply freezing temperatures to cause condensation.
C. Lower the temperature of the container to allow vaporization.
D. Maintain a constant temperature over a long enough time to cause freezing.
A. Apply enough heat to cause evaporation.
During a storm, the power goes out at Randall's house. His mother strikes a match to light a candle. As the match burns, it gives off light energy. What other form of energy does the burning match give off?
A. chemical
B. electrical
C. mechanical
D. thermal
D. thermal
Latisha notices that when she rubs her hands together, they feel warm. Which of the following is the best explanation for why this happens?
A. energy is reflected into her hands
B. heat energy is produced by the friction
C. light energy of the Sun heats her hands
D. energy is absorbed from the air molecules by her hands
B. heat energy is produced by the friction
While playing at the park, Erica and her sister take turns going down the slide and playing on the swings. Which of the following is an example of change that is caused by applying energy?
A. Erica continues to swing back and forth without trying.
B. When Erica pushes her sister, her sister slides down the slide.
C. Erica sits at the top of the slide and waits for her sister to finish her turn.
D. When Erica stops pushing her sister on the swings, the swing eventually comes to a stop.
B. When Erica pushes her sister, her sister slides down the slide.
During a science experiment, Jenny observed that a substance changed from a solid to a liquid when it was heated. Later, when the substance cooled down, it changed back from a liquid to a solid. Based on Jenny's observation, which of the following best describes the changes that occurred to the substance?
A) Condensation, because the substance changes from gas to liquid.
B) Evaporation, because the substance changes from liquid to gas.
C) Freezing, because the substance changes from liquid to solid.
D) Melting and Freezing, because the substance first changed from solid to liquid and then from liquid to solid when cooled.
D) Melting and Freezing, because the substance first changed from solid to liquid and then from liquid to solid when cooled.
A fifth-grade science class is conducting an experiment to understand which materials dissolve in water and how different conditions affect the speed of this process. The class has four different substances: salt, sand, sugar, and small pieces of plastic. They also decide to test the effect of temperature on the rate of dissolving. Which of the following predictions is MOST accurate for their experiment?
A) Salt and sugar will dissolve in water, and increasing the water temperature will speed up their dissolution. Sand and small pieces of plastic will not dissolve in water, regardless of the temperature.
B) Salt, sand, sugar, and small pieces of plastic will all dissolve in water if the water temperature is high enough.
C) Only the sand will dissolve in water, and heating the water will slow down its dissolution. Salt, sugar, and small pieces of plastic will not dissolve in water at any temperature.
D) Sand and small pieces of plastic will dissolve faster in cold water, while salt and sugar will not dissolve in water at any temperature.
A) Salt and sugar will dissolve in water, and increasing the water temperature will speed up their dissolution. Sand and small pieces of plastic will not dissolve in water, regardless of the temperature
Mr. Thompson's fifth-grade class conducted an experiment to separate a mixture consisting of sand, iron filings, small pebbles, and salt. They had at their disposal a magnet, a sieve (a type of filter with holes), and water. Which of the following steps BEST describes a method to separate all components of the mixture effectively?
A) First, use the magnet to attract and remove the iron filings. Then, pour the mixture through the sieve to separate the pebbles from the sand and salt. Finally, dissolve the remaining sand and salt in water, and filter out the sand. Evaporate the water to retrieve the salt.
B) First, dissolve the entire mixture in water, then use the magnet to remove the iron filings. Next, filter the solution to separate the pebbles. Finally, evaporate the water to separate the sand from the salt.
C) Use the sieve to separate all the components at once based on their size, without using the magnet or water.
D) Use the magnet to attract the pebbles and iron filings together, then dissolve the remaining sand and salt in water and filter out the sand. Finally, evaporate the water to get the salt.
A) First, use the magnet to attract and remove the iron filings. Then, pour the mixture through the sieve to separate the pebbles from the sand and salt. Finally, dissolve the remaining sand and salt in water, and filter out the sand. Evaporate the water to retrieve the salt.
During a science experiment, Sophia observed two different processes. In the first process, a piece of paper was torn into small pieces. In the second process, the same type of paper was burned, resulting in ash and smoke.
Which of the following statements best describes Sophia’s observations?
A) Tearing the paper and burning the paper are both physical changes because the paper remains paper in both processes.
B) Tearing the paper is a physical change because it only changes the form of the paper, while burning the paper is a chemical change because it results in new substances (ash and smoke).
C) Tearing the paper is a chemical change because it changes the size of the paper, while burning the paper is a physical change because the paper is simply transformed into ash and smoke.
D) Both tearing and burning the paper are chemical changes because both processes result in a change in the paper’s appearance.
B) Tearing the paper is a physical change because it only changes the form of the paper, while burning the paper is a chemical change because it results in new substances (ash and smoke).
During a science fair, Maya demonstrates how energy can cause motion and create change. She sets up three different experiments:
Experiment A: A plant growing towards a light source.
Experiment B: A toy car being propelled forward by a wound-up spring.
Experiment C: Ice melting into water when left out in the sun.
Which of Maya's experiments BEST illustrates the concept that energy has the ability to cause motion or create change?
A) Experiment A, because the plant's growth towards the light shows how light energy can cause a change in the direction of plant growth.
B) Experiment B, because the spring's release of mechanical energy causes the toy car to move forward.
C) Experiment C, because the ice melts into water due to the heat energy from the sun, demonstrating a change in state.
D) All of the above, because each experiment shows how different forms of energy can cause motion or create change
D) All of the above, because each experiment shows how different forms of energy can cause motion or create change
Mr. Gomez's fifth-grade class is learning about the transformation of electrical energy into other forms of energy. He sets up four different demonstrations for his students:
Demonstration A: A toaster turning electrical energy into heat to toast bread.
Demonstration B: A lamp using electrical energy to produce light.
Demonstration C: A speaker converting electrical energy into sound.
Demonstration D: A fan using electrical energy to create motion.
Which of the following statements BEST explains the concept that Mr. Gomez is teaching to his class?
A) Electrical energy can only be transformed into heat and light, but not sound or motion.
B) Electrical energy cannot be transformed into any other form of energy.
C) Only mechanical energy can be transformed into heat, light, sound, and motion.
D) Electrical energy can be transformed into heat, light, sound energy, as well as the energy of motion.
D) Electrical energy can be transformed into heat, light, sound energy, as well as the energy of motion
Based on your understanding of how electricity flows and the illustration provided, answer the following question:
What happens if one of the connecting wires in the circuit is removed or disconnected?
A) The light bulb will shine brighter because less electricity is being used.
B) The light bulb will continue to light up because the flow of electricity does not depend on a closed loop.
C) The light bulb will not light up because the flow of electricity requires a closed circuit, and removing a wire breaks the loop.
D) The battery will use up its energy faster trying to light up the bulb.
C) The light bulb will not light up because the flow of electricity requires a closed circuit, and removing a wire breaks the loop.
Which of the following is made with a material that is an electrical conductor?
An aluminum can
A rubber eraser
A wooden pencil
A paper plate
An aluminum can
Which statement correctly describes the effect of gravity on an object falling toward earth?
It decreases the speed of the object
It increases the speed of an object
It decreases the distance the object falls.
It increases the distance the object falls.
It increases the speed of an object
Jamie is trying to push a large, heavy box across the classroom floor. She applies a great deal of force, bending her knees and straining as she pushes. After a few seconds, the box starts to move slowly across the floor. What can we learn from Jamie's experience about how force affects an object's motion?"
A) The weight of the box does not affect how much force Jamie needs to apply.
B) The more force Jamie applies, the less the box will move.
C) The more force Jamie applies, the greater the change in the box's motion.
D) Applying force to the box has no effect on its motion.
C) The more force Jamie applies, the greater the change in the box's motion.
A girl uses a bat to hit a softball with a certain amount of force. The girl then hits a heavier ball with the same amount of force. Which describes how the heavier ball moves compared to the lighter softball.
The heavier ball moves faster and further
The heavier ball moves faster and not as far
The heavier ball moves slower and farther
The heavier ball moves slower and not as far.
The heavier ball moves slower and not as far.
Lucy is pushing against a wall with all her might, but the wall does not move. What does this tell us about the forces acting on the wall?"
A) The wall moves because Lucy is pushing it.
B) The wall does not move because it is too heavy.
C) The wall remains stationary because the force Lucy applies is balanced by an equal and opposite force from the wall.
D) Lucy is not applying any force to the wall.
C) The wall remains stationary because the force Lucy applies is balanced by an equal and opposite force from the wall.
How much extra time is do you need to take per question and per answer choices?
3