periodic table
what is the symbol for sodium
Na
why do elements form bonds
to become more stable
what is matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
what is temperature
a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance
what are the parts of an atom
protons, nucleus, neutrons, and electrons
what are the horizontal rows called on the table
periods
electrons in the outermost shell are called
valence electrons
what are the main states of matter
solid, liquid, gas, and plasma
at what temperature does water freeze
water freezes at 0 °C and -32 °F.
what defines an element
the atomic number(protons)
which elements are typically shiny, malleable, and ductile?
metals
which type of bond is NaCl
an ionic bond
why does liquid flow
because its particles can slide past one another
what is thermal energy
the energy from the movement of atoms and molecules inside things
what are isotopes
atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
what is group 17 on the periodic table called
the halogens
what's the difference between covalent bonds and ionic bonds
ionic bonds are formed with metals and non-metals while covalent bons are non-metals and non-metals sharing
what determines sinking/floating?
density
how is heat different that temperature
temperature is the average kinetic energy, while heat is the transfer of thermal energy, flowing from hotter to colder objects
what is a quark
the building blocks of protons and neutrons
why are the noble gases unreactive
their outer electron shells are full
is hydrogen alone a bond
no
what is 99% of all matter
plasma
what makes us feel temperature
the actual air temperature doesn't account for how our bodies cool down or heat up from humidity and wind speed
what happens when you remove and electrons
the atom becomes a positive ion