Chapter 1
What are the major categories of Science? (3)
Life Science, Earth Science, Physical Science
What is the definition of distance?
What is a projectile?
Anything shot or thrown through the air.
What is the definition of energy?
The ability to cause a change.
What is the equation for Thermal Energy?
Q = mC△T
Thermal Energy = mass x Specific Heat x Change in Temperature
What is an example of a moral and ethical issue?
Biotechnology
What is the equation for speed?
s = d/t
speed = distance / time
A bullet is fird horizontally from a gun and a second bullet is dropped from the same height. Which will hit the ground first?
What are the two main categories of energy and what are their definitions?
Kinetic energy: energy due to motion
Potential Energy: energy stored due to he interactions between objects
What are the 3 types of thermal energy transfers?
Conduction, convection, and radiation.
What is a scientific law?
A statement about what happens in nature and that seems to be true all the time.
Can an object have a constant speed but a changing velocity?
Yes. (By going around a corner or moving in a circle)
What is the equation for momentum?
p = mv
momentum = mass x velocity
What are the 6 major forms of energy?
Mehcanical energy, Thermal energy, Radiant energy, Electrical energy, Chemical energy, and Sound energy.
What is the most common type of heating system, and what is a benefit of that heating system?
Forced-air system, it heats quickly (by using convection)
What is the standard SI unit for density?
kg/m3
What is the equation for acceleration?
acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time
How many types of friction are there, and what are their names?
3; Static Friction, Kinetic Friction, and Rolling Friction
How do you find work, then how do you find power?
Work: W = Fd (Force x distance)
Power: P = E/t (Energy / time)
OR
P = W/t (Work / time)
What is the heating system that uses large, south-facing windows with materials inside that absorb radiant energy from the sun?
Passive Solar Heating System
What are the steps in doing an experiment?
State the problem, observe and make notes, form a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze data, and then make your conclusion.
What is the definition of centripetal acceleration?
Acceleration toward the center of a curved or circular path.
What is the definition of Newton's Second Law of Motion, and what is the equation?
An object's acceleration is in the same direction as the net force on the object and is equal to the net force exerted on it divided by its mass
a = Fnet / m OR Fnet = ma
What are the 6 types of machines?
Inclined Plane, Lever, Pully, Wheel and Axle, Screw, and a Wedge.
What are the definitions of the two laws of thermodynamics?
1st Law: doing work on a system increases the thermal energy of the system
2nd Law: energy spontaneously spreads from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentreation.