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Simple Machine Advantages
It's Energetic!
Molecular Matter and Heat
Fantastic Formulas
Big Ideas (Hey! These might be short response questions...!)
100
Our front teeth are called incisors. What kind of simple machine are our incisors?
What are wedges?
100
This type of energy is referred to as the energy of motion.
What is kinetic energy?
100
The lowest temperature possible. (As far as scientists know right now).
What is absolute zero?
100
A walrus is moving slowly across the ice at 5 km/hr. The walrus has a mass of 1,500 kg. Calculate the kinetic energy of the walrus.
What is 37,500 J of energy? Mass (1,500 kg) times velocity2 (25) all divided by 2 = 37,500 J
100
This is the unit used to measure power. What does power represent?
What is the Watt? Power represents the rate at which work is done OR the rate at which energy is transferred from one object to another OR the rate at which energy is converted from one form to another.
200
Name one of the three ways a simple machine can make work easier for you.
What is: 1. Change the direction of your force, 2. Multiply your force, or 3. Multiply the distance your force is applied?
200
This type of energy is stored energy which can come from gravity sometimes.
What is potential energy?
200
Name the three states of matter.
What are: solid, liquid, and gas?
200
A skydiver with a mass of 80 kg prepares to jump out of a plane flying at 10,000 feet. Calculate the brave person’s gravitational potential energy.
What is GPE = mass times acceleration due to gravity times height; 80kg times 9.8m/s2 times 10,000 feet = 7,840,000 J?
200
Explain the difference between temperature and thermal energy.
What is thermal energy is the total amount of kinetic energy in a substance, but temperature is the average kinetic energy of one molecule?
300
Thomas and Carlos are working together to push a piano up a ramp. The ramp they are using triples their input force of 4,000 N, what is the mechanical advantage of using the ramp?
What is 3? (12,000 N (output force)/4,000 N (input force) = 3)
300
Describe two energy conversions happening in our classroom right now. Be sure to name the types of energy involved in each transformation.
Ms. Brands will check your whiteboards. Sample answers: Chemical energy from food is being converted to mechanical energy to allow students to write. Electrical energy is being converted to mechanical energy to spin the ceiling fans.
300
During a change of state, an object's temperature does this.
What is does not change?
300
Calculate the power of an elevator that uses 100,000 N of force to move 30 m in 10 seconds.
What is Power = Work divided by Time. Work = 100,000 times 30 =3,000,000 J 3,000,000 J divided by 10 seconds = 300,000 Watts
300
Name the three states of matter. Describe the motion of the molecules in each state. You should reference energy in your answer.
What are: solid, liquid, and gas. Gas has the most kinetic energy and no definite volume. Gas molecules move everywhere very fast. Liquid has a medium amount of kinetic energy. The molecules most easily over and around one another. Liquids take the shape of their container. Solid molecules has the least kinetic energy. Molecules in solids vibrate in place.
400
Work is measured in this unit. It's the same unit energy is measured in, too.
What are Joules (J)?
400
A llama is running to get some food. The llama has a mass of 35 kg and is running at 45 km/hr. Calculate the kinetic energy of the llama.
What is 35,437.5 J? Mass (35kg) times Velocity2 (452) all divided by 2 = 35,437.5 J
400
Describe the changes of state of an ice cube from solid state to steam. Be sure to give the names of each of the stages when the state is changing.
What is: ice cube melts into liquid water because thermal energy warms the ice. Liquid water gains thermal energy and vaporizes into steam which is a gas?
400
Calculate the mechanical advantage of a pulley with 5 supporting cables.
What is 5?
400
Name three different types of energy and give a specific example of each type.
Ms. Brands will check your whiteboards. Sample answers: Thermal energy: sun, heater, fire. Electromagnetic energy: sun, microwave, CT scan. Mechanical energy: car, cell phone, person running. Chemical energy: fossil fuel, wood, food. Electrical energy: lightning, batteries, power lines. Nuclear energy: sun, nuclear submarine, nuclear power plant.
500
Name three simple machines and describe how they give the person using them a mechanical advantage.
What is: Levers multiply force and change the direction of your force. Inclined planes multiply distance. Wedges multiply input force. Screws multiply input force. Wheels and axles multiply your force. Pulleys can multiply or change the direction of your force. ?
500
This smart gentlemen came up with the Law of Conservation of Energy. Who is he and what does the law mean?
Who is Albert Einstein and it means energy cannot be created nor destroyed?
500
Name the three ways heat can be transferred and give an example of each.
What is: 1. Conduction: when the metal on the bottom of pot warms because the hot burner is touching it. 2. Convection: when the water in a pot forms a current which causes hot water to rise and cold water to descend. 3. Radiation: when heat from the sun goes through space to reach Earth. ?
500
Megan uses 2,000 J of work using a hammer. The hammer exerts 3,000 J of force on the nail. Calculate the mechanical advantage of the hammer.
What is output force (3,000) divided by input force (2,000) = 1.5?
500
Describe a situation in which potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.
Ms. Brands will check your whiteboards. Sample answer: When a skydiver is waiting on the plane to jump, s/he has gravitational potential energy. Once s/he jumps, the potential energy begins converting into kinetic energy as s/he descends to the ground.