What is Science?
Define "phenomena".
observable facts or events
Define "physical science".
the study of matter and energy
Name the most common type of scientific investigation.
experimental
Define "system".
a group of connected, interacting parts
Describe the different purposes of science and engineering.
What types of questions CAN'T be answered by science?
philosophical and ethical
Define "hypothesis".
a statement that proposes a testable explanation for a natural phenomenon
Name the 4 types of models.
List a few ways technology has improved how humans live.
- changes in agriculture
- travel
- communication
- health care
Give 3 examples of ways to gather data or evidence.
- take photos
- measure objects
- time events
- record video
- draw pictures
Name the 3 parts of an atom and give their charges.
- neutron: 0
- proton: +1
- electron: -1
Name the two types of groups in an experiment and which one receives the changed variable (who is being tested on).
- control and experimental
- experimental
Define "model" and explain why scientists use them.
- a conceptual, physical, or mathematical portrayal or description of an object, process, or system
- scientists use them because some things are too big or too small to study the way they are
Explain what bias is and how it can affect science.
- prejudice or unfair opinion
- can cause errors in data
Define "gravity" and explain why it's important.
- the attractive force between objects due to their masses
- keeps everything from floating away
- accurate: close to the correct answer
- precise: exact
Give 3 limitations of a model.
- too small to see all the details
- materials used a different from the actual object
- too simple and doesn't function like the actual object
Define the "cost-benefit analysis" and state what it relies on.
- process of comparing costs, benefits, and risks to decide if something should be used
- relies on data
Explain the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law.
- theory: an explanation for a natural phenomenon that is based on a body of facts and can be supported by the results of experiments
- law: a description of facts or observations that is accepted as true and can be used to predict future results. Scientific laws often use mathematical equations to describe relationships
5.672x106
Name the 4 ways scientists can make sure their experiments and results are valid.
- collect a lot of data
- be honest
- report any limitations
Describe why a ratio is important when creating a scale model.
ratios make sure things are proportionate when creating a scale model of a larger or smaller object
List the 5 steps of the research and development cycle in order.
- problem
- research
- development
- engineering solution
- new problem or discovery