Introduction to Physics
Kinematics in 1 Dimension
Kinematics in 2 Dimensions
Newton's Laws (Calculations)
Vocabulary
Newton's Laws (Concepts)
100
Number of significant figures in the number 1000.0
5
100
A car drives 30.0 km west, then turns around and drives 40.0km east. What distance did it travel? What was its displacement?
Distance: 70.0km
Displacement: 10.0km [East]
100
A man walks 5.0m/s[east] while on a train that is travelling at 42.5m/s[west]. What is the man's velocity relative to the ground?
37.5 m/s [west].
100
A hammer strikes a nail with a force of 100N [down]. How much force does the nail exert on the hammer?
100N [up]
100
A property of an object that describes its resistance to change in motion
Inertia
100
A man who is not wearing a seatbelt gets thrown from a vehicle in a car crash. This is an example of which of Newton's Laws?
Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia)
200
Trigonometric ratio that relates the length of the hypotenuse and the length of the side adjacent to the angle.
Cosine
200
If a car travels at 25.0m/s, how far does it travel in 2.50h?
225km (2.25x10^5m)
200
A dog jumps into a river flowing due west at 4.7m/s. If the dog swims due south at 3.0m/s across the river, what is his velocity relative to the river bank?
5.6m/s [57 degrees W of S] (or [33 degrees S of W]
200
What is the weight of a 60.0kg object on the moon, where the gravitational field strength is 1.64N/kg?
98.4N
200
A region in which a force is experienced without objects needing to be in contact
Field
200
When a hammer hits a nail, the nail exerts force on the nail that is_________________ to the force exerted by the hammer on the nail.
Equal in magnitude and opposite in direction (Newton's Third Law)
300
When adding using significant figures, the answer should be rounded to_____________________.
The smallest number of decimal places in the numbers being added.
300
Total distance travelled by the object whose motion is described by this graph.
70m
300
An astronaut is playing golf on the moon. If he strikes a golf ball so that it is launched at 48m/s [40 degrees above the horizontal], how long will the ball be in the air if it lands at the same height as it was launched from? The acceleration due to gravity on the moon is -1.6m/s2.
38.6 seconds
300
If a 1500kg car acclerates at 4.0m/s2 [east], and there is a total frictional force of 1500N acting on the car, what force must be produced by the car's engine to allow the car to accelerate at this rate?
7500N [east]
300
A quantity with magnitude only
Scalar
300
If the mass of an object is doubled, while the net force acting on it remains the same, the acceleration of that object will_____________.
Be half of what it was before.
400
Length of side c and measurement of angle A in the triangle below
Angle A: 65 degrees
Side C: 8.8 metres
400
If a bullet leaves the muzzle of a rifle at 600.0m/s, and the barrel is 0.90m long, what was the acceleration of the bullet while in the barrel?
2.0x105 m/s2
400
A cannonball is launched horizontally at 125m/s from the top of a 75.0m tall cliff. How far away from the base of the cliff will the cannonball land?
489m
400
What is the mass of a satellite that experiences a gravitational force of 1250N when in orbit 325km above the surface of the Earth? (Mass of Earth 5.98x1024 kg, radius of Earth 6.38x106 m).
141kg
400
Measurements that are close together are said to be ________________________________.
Precise
400
According to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, the strength of the force of gravity ____________________ with mass and ______________________ with distance.
Increases with mass and decreases with distance
500
How many seconds are in 1 year? Use unit conversions to do your answer. Give answer in scientific notation to 3 significant figures.
3.15x10^8 seconds
500
A ball is thrown vertically downward at 20.0m/s from the top of a 100.m tall cliff. With what velocity does this ball hit the ground, and how long does it take to get there?
Hits the ground travelling -48.6m/s after falling for 2.91s.
500
A soccer ball is kicked off the top of a 54m tall cliff at a velocity of 25m/s [22 degrees above the horizontal]. With what velocity will it strike the ground?
41.0 m/s [55.6 degrees above horizontal] (34.4 degrees away from vertical)
500
A 450kg cannon accelerates a 12.5kg cannonball at 95m/s2 [north]. What will be the acceleration of the cannon when it fires?
2.6m/s2 [south]
500
The path that a projectile follows is called its _____________________________.
Trajectory
500
What information is the horse missing? Why is he able to make the cart move?
Although he is correct about what he says, the horse misses that this is not the only force interaction here. He also pushes on the ground, and the ground pushes on his feet. As long as the force that the ground exerts on his feet > force the cart pulls back on him with, there will be a net force and the cart will be able to move.