Physics CR30

May the Force be with you

100

Push or pull that can change the motion of an object

Force

200

Forces that result from direct physical contact between objects, such as friction and tension.

Contact Force

300

Forces that act at a distance without direct contact, such as gravitational and magnetic forces.

Non-Contact Force

400

Forces are measured in____ using instruments like spring balances.

Newtons (N)

500

When the net force on an object is zero, it is in a state of balanced forces. Unbalanced forces cause acceleration in the direction of the greater force.

Balanced and unbalanced forces

Law of the Land

100

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass. This is described by the formula F = ma.

Newton's Second Law of Motion 

200

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When one object exerts a force on another, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first.

Newton's Third Law of Motion

300

An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted upon by an external force.

Newton's First Law of Motion

400

What goes up, must come down (Not a Newtown's Law)

Gravity

Float Like a butterfly

100

____is the force of gravity acting on an object, while ___ is the amount of matter in an object. ____is measured in newtons, and ___ is measured in kilograms.

Weight and Mass

200

The force that opposes the motion of objects moving through the air. It increases with speed and the object's surface area.

Air Resistance 

300

The force that acts through a stretched or compressed object, like a rope or a spring.

Tension

400

The force that opposes the relative motion or attempted motion of two surfaces in contact. It can be useful (e.g., in brakes) or a hindrance (e.g., in slowing down objects).

Friction

500

• Use a _____ to measure the weight of various objects.
• Practice reading the scale accurately and understanding that 1 N is equal to 1000 mN (millinewtons).

Using a Newton Meter

Practical Experiments

100

• Attach a spring to a clamp stand, and hang a mass (weight) from it.
• Measure the original length of the spring and record it.
• Add masses one by one and measure the new length of the spring each time.
• Plot a graph of force (weight) against extension to observe Hooke's Law.

Investigating Force and Extension

200

• Attach a paper parachute to a small object (e.g., a paperclip or a coin).
• Drop the parachute and object from a fixed height.
• Observe and record the time taken for the object to reach the ground with and without the parachute.
• Compare the results to understand the effect of air resistance.

Investigating the Effects of Air Resistance

300

• Suspend an irregularly shaped object (e.g., a cardboard cutout) from a single point.
• Adjust the suspension point until the object is in equilibrium and does not rotate.
• Mark the suspension point as the center of mass for the object.

Determining the Center of Mass

400

• Set up a runway with different surfaces (e.g., wood, sandpaper, fabric).
• Release a toy car or object from the same height on each surface and measure how far it travels.
• Compare the distance traveled to investigate the effect of friction on different surfaces.

Investigating Forces on Different Surfaces

500

• Drop a small object (e.g., a ball or a marble) into a container filled with a viscous liquid (e.g., glycerin or vegetable oil).
• Observe and record the object's motion as it falls.
• Note the point where it reaches a constant velocity, which is called terminal velocity.
• Investigate how the object's mass and shape affect terminal velocity.

Investigating Terminal Velocity