Momentum/Impulse
Thermodynamics
Waves
Electromagnetism
Circuits
Atomic/Nuclear Physics
Light/Lenses/Mirros
100
The symbol for momentum is _______ and the formula to calculate is ________ .
p
p = mv (momentum = mass x velocity)
100
What is entropy?
The level of disorder/chaos within a system; the more thermal energy is absorbed, the more entropy the system has.
100
A change in frequency or wavelength will slow down or increase a wave's speed. True or False?
FALSE! To change the speed (velocity) of the wave, the MEDIUM must change. Frequency and wavelength change of the same wave will not cause a change in speed.
100
The shape of all electromagnetic waves is ______
TRANSVERSE (EM waves are LIGHT waves and they are ONLY TRANSVERSE, with crests, troughs and median/baseline)
100
What will happen if one light bulb is removed from this circuit?
The other light bulbs will still be working - this is a circuit in parallel.
100
Compared to a photon of red light, a photon of blue light has higher ________________, lower _________ and more ______________
frequency; wavelength; energy
100
An image that you can see when you look into a mirror, but does not really exist is called________, while an image that forms after light passed through a convex lens is called __________
virtual image; real image
200
The symbol for change in momentum is _____ and the formula to calculate is ____________. Another name for change in momentum is __________.
J
J = F·d = m·∆v (Impulse = Force x distance = mass x change in velocity)
Impulse
200
Thermal enery (heat) always travels _____________
From the warmer object to the cooler object, seeking to balance.
200
What are the types of wave shapes?
Transverse and Longitudinal
200
Why do clothes stick together inside the dryer?
ELECTROSTATIC FORCE from FRICTION caused by electrons transferred between clothes, makes them attracted to their opposite electric charges.
200
What is the total resistance (RT) across this circuit?
R = R1 + R2 + R3
R = 3 + 10 + 5
R = 18 kOhms
200
Emission of light radiation (photon) from an atom occurs when an electron ______________
drops from a higher energy level (excited state) to a lower energy level (ground state).
200
What are the ray of light that strikes the surface and the angle this ray forms with the median, called?
INCIDENCE ray and angle
300
Between a basketball that Coach Dozier holds in his hands and a dodgeball thrown towards you by your bff, which one has more momentum? Explain.
The dodgeball thrown has (more) momentum, because it is moving and momentum depends on the mass and speed of an object. Since the basketball is not in motion, its momentum is zero.
300
This is the law of absolute zero, or OK Law.
3rd Law of Thermodynamic
300
What is the wave's speed, if the frequency is 4 Hz?
A. 36 m/s
B. 12 m/s
C. 2 m/s
D. 2.25 m/s
B. 12 m/s
The graph shows 3 full wavelengths extending over 9m, so one full wavelength is 3m.
Speed = Frequency x Wavelengths
Speed = 4 x 3 = 12 m/s
300
Dr. Popa showed you a magic trick by using an electrostatically charged balloon or straw that caused an aluminum metal can to roll over and fall off the table, without touching it. What is the name of the process called and how does it work?
INDUCTION - electrostatic force between the opposite electric charges of the two objects, causes them to attract each other, just like the opposite poles of two magnets; there is no electron exchange in induction.
300
What is the total resistance for this circuit?
Note that every resistor is placed on its own wire, which means if one breaks, the others still function - this is a circuit in parallel.
1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3
1/R = 1/10 + 1/2 + 1/1
1/R = 16/10
R = 10/16
R = 0.625 ohm
300
For what reason would an atom undergo radioactive decay?
To become STABLE.
300
Which is the correct representation of the converging rays that passed through the convex lens?
The third picture from the left.
400
When the speed of a car is reduced by half, its momentum _________________
Will also decrease in half.
p = mv
If v becomes v/2, then mv/2 = p/2
400
If two objects are each in thermal equilibrium with some third object, then they are also in equilibrium with each other
This is the ZEROth law of Thermodynamics.
400
What type of waves require a medium to transfer energy? Include 2 examples.
MECHANICAL WAVES (can be transverse or longitudinal in shape) such as: ocean waves, sound, seismic waves
400
The only way to increase the number of photoelectrons emitted is by increasing the _________ of the light
INTENSITY (BRIGHTNESS)
400
Between which numbers could you place an ammeter to measure this circuit's total current?
Note there is no switch and this is a circuit in parallel. In order to measure the total current, the ammeter must be placed between the battery and the first closest to the battery wire, so between 1 and 2 or 8 and 7
400
Graph C - photon energy and frequency are directly proportional and if one increases, the other one does also.
400
Why do we see the rainbow colors of visible light when a beam of light goes through a prism?
Because the different wavelengths of visual light rays will bend at different angles of refraction, when going through the prism.
500
You are so excited to see your bff at the 8th grade dance on Saturday, you run to jump into their arms, like in the picture. What is the velocity of the two of you, once you jumped into their arms? What type of collision is this example of?
The velocity of both (vf) is 3.33 m/s to the right. This is an inelastic collision (momentums are conserved, but not energy).
m1iv1i + m2iv2i = (m1i+m2i)vf
(60)(7.5) + (75)(0) = (60+75)vf
vf = x
450 + 0 = 135x
450 = 135x
/135 /135
3.33 = x
500
This law states energy cannot be created, nor destroyed, it can only be transformed.
First Law.
500
Calculate the wavelength of a visible light ray with a frequency of 6.0 x 108 Hz.
f = 6.0 x 108
c (speed of light) = 3.0 x 108
wavelength(lambda) = c/f
lambda = (3*10^8)/(6*10^8)
0.5 m
500
What is the difference between a motor and a generator?
A motor transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy, while the generator does the opposite: transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy.
500
Calculate the power of this circuit?
P = VI, but we do not know I, so I = V/R
I = 9/(3+10+5)
I = 9/18
I = 0.5A
P = 9 * 0.5
P = 4.5W
500
The Helium atoms are able to be fused, but experience a mass defect of 0.0034 amu. How much energy has the atom gained?
E = mc2
E = (0.0034)(3*10^8)^2
E = 3.06*10^14
500
Calculate where the real image of the pencil will be formed.
f
do = 2f
di=?
1/f = 1/do + 1/di
1/f = 1/2f + 1/x
-1/2f -1/2f
1/f - 1/2f = 1/x
1/2f = 1/x
x = 2f