Newton's First Law
The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion is known as:
Inertia
Acceleration is directly proportional to:
Force applied
Newton discovered that forces must exist in:
Pairs
An action exerted on an object that may change the object's state of rest or motion is a:
Force
The laws of motion are named after Isaac Newton, but they were an extension of which philosopher's work?
Galileo
Newton's First Law is often referred to as the "law of ____"
Inertia
An increase in an object's mass will result in a decrease in:
acceleration
For every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction.
The magnitude of force exerted on us by gravity is called:
Weight
Capernicus was very controversial for suggesting that the Earth did what?
Moved around the sun
The "Bird and the Worm" scenario argued that the Earth was:
NOT in motion
What formula is used to depict Newton's Second Law?
F=ma
A boulder falls. If the action force is the Earth pulling down on the boulder, what is the reaction force?
The boulder pulling up on the Earth
Calculate the weight of a 20 N object. (Be sure to use correct units)
20/9.81=2.04 kg
Light has been proved to behave as both a _______ and a _______.
Wave/Particle
net force
What term describes the unit of force, which is a kg * m/s2?
Newton
When we step off of a curb onto the street, Newton's Third Law tells us that the street technically rises up to meet our foot. Why do we never feel the movement of the Earth every time we take a step?
Because its mass is huge, therefore its acceleration is small.
The force that acts in a direction perpendicular to the surface, and is equal to an object's weight is called:
Normal Force
The universe has continued to expand after its genesis via the Big Bang. Which of Newton's Laws explains why this is?
Newton's First Law
When the net force acting on an object is zero, the object is said to be in what state?
Equilibrium
A book is pushed with a force of 12 N. If the mass of the book is 3 kg, what is the book's acceleration?
4 m/s2
If an action/reaction force is acting on the SAME object (ex: two people kicking the same ball from opposite directions) do these forces cancel each other out? What is acceleration?
The term for the forces that oppose applied force is:
Friction forces
Which is the weakest of the four fundamental forces?
Gravity
State ALL of Newton's First Law
An object in motion (or at rest) will stay in motion (or at rest) unless acted upon by an external force
State Newton's Second Law
Acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on the object, and inversely proportional to the object's mass.
The "horse and the cart" scenario helps us understand that we have to look at all of the forces in a ___________ to understand motion.
System
How can we decrease the force of pressure?
Increase the area of application
Explain why you would weigh almost three times as much on Jupiter as you do on Earth.
Jupiter is much larger, therefore having a stronger gravitational pull. Weight is just the force of gravity acting on your mass. So stronger gravity=Larger weight.
You jump inside a moving train. Why do you land in the same place rather than farther backward?
Because you (and the air) are moving at the same acceleration as the train. Everything is moving together.
How does Newton's Second Law explain how a bullet will still accelerate out of a gun despite it pushing back on the gun with the same amount of force that the gun "pushes" on the bullet.
The mass of the bullet is very small, resulting in a large acceleration (inversely proportional).
Name the four fundamental forces.
Electromagnetic, Gravity, Nuclear (strong), nuclear (weak)
What tool did Newton use to "bend" light waves in order to see the different colors?