Atoms
Describe the 3 basic particles in an atom and describe how they are arranged
Include:
-Nucleus, protons, neutrons, electrons, orbitals
What is an ion?
An atom that has gained or lost an electron
Define 5 different types of energy
Electromagnetic radiation, kinetic energy, potential energy, gravitational potential energy, chemical potential energy, thermal energy, nuclear energy
True or false: Magnetic poles always come in pairs
TRUE
Distinguish between truth and theories
Truth: the way things really are, only God knows
Theory: A model that uses facts, our best guess at the truth
If you change an atoms proton number, you change its
Identity
What is the difference between conduction and convection?
Conduction: direct contact of solids
Convection: liquids
Give an example of chemical potential energy and gravitational potential energy
Chemical potential energy: fossil fuels
Gravitational potential energy: roller coaster
Magnetic field lines always leave the (N/S) pole and enter the (N/S) pole
Magnetic field lines always leave the NORTH pole and enter the SOUTH pole
Draw and label a picture of what a wavelength is
Answer on board
Draw a nitrogen atom that has a net charge of +3
7 protons, 7 Neutrons, 4 electrons
What is an isotope?
An atom that has an irregular number of neutrons
What is internal energy?
The sum of all the energies of the particles of a substance
What is work?
A mechanical process whereby energy is transferred from one object to another by a force pushing through a certain distance
Describe three features of earth, our solar system, or our galaxy that indicate that the universe was designed with us in mind.
-We need a lot of water
-Just the right distance from sun
-Atmosphere to trap heat
-Large moon
-Physical constants have right values
-Magnetic field
Draw what a Carbon-14 atom looks like
2 extra neutrons
Distinguish between a crystal lattice and a molecule? You may draw a picture
Crystal lattices are ionic bonds that create a crystal formation from their atoms. Molecules are covalent bonds and have a variety of formations.
What are 3 ways heat transfer occurs?
-Radiation, conduction, convection
What are the 3 types of Fields
-Gravitational
-Electric
-Magnetic
Distinguish the difference between Mass and Weight
Mass: amount of mass in an object
Weight: gravitational pull on an object
Try to draw what a CH4 molecule looks like
C in the center, 4 H atoms around
Label the atomic number, chemical symbol, name, and atomic mass of the element on the board
-
Explain what electromagnetic radiation is
-Waves or photons of pure energy at any wavelength in the electromagnetic spectrum
What are the 4 fundamental forces in nature?
-Gravitational Force
-Electromagnetic Force
-Strong Nuclear Force
-Weak Nuclear Force
List six regions in the electromagnetic spectrum in order from longest wavelength to shortest.
Longest: AM Radio, FM Radio, microwaves, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, Gamma rays: Shortest