Newtons 1st Law
Newtons 2nd Law
Newtons 3rd Law
Net Force
Wild Card
100
Which of the following best defines the term inertia?
A. The force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact.
B. The rate at which an object changes its speed or direction.
C. The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.
D. The attractive force that exists between all objects with mass.
C. The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.
100
A force of 50N is applied to a gym cart that has a mass of 10kg. What is the resulting acceleration of the cart?
5 m/s2
100
A swimmer pushes off the side of the pool wall to start a lap. The swimmer applies a 300 N force against the wall. According to Newton's Third Law, what is the magnitude and direction of the reaction force that the wall applies back to the swimmer?
300 N Away from the wall
100
Two students are pushing a heavy cart down the hallway to move a science project. Student A pushes the cart with a force of 20 N. Student B pushes the cart in the same direction with a force of 35 N. What is the total net force acting on the cart?
55 N Down the hallway
100
A school bus travels 120 kilometers over a total time of 2.5 hours. What is the average speed of the bus in kilometers per hour (km/h)?
48 km/h
200
A student is sitting on a school bus that is traveling at a constant speed on a straight road. The driver suddenly applies the brakes. In which direction will the student's body tend to move due to inertia?
Forward, towards the front of the bus.
200
The engine on a model rocket can generate a constant thrust (force) of 25N. If the rocket accelerates at a rate of 50m/s2, what is the total mass of the rocket and its fuel?
0.5 kg
200
An astronaut is doing a spacewalk outside the International Space Station (ISS). Problem: The astronaut pushes a small, 5 kg tool box away from them. The tool box accelerates. Does the astronaut also accelerate? Explain your answer using Newton's Third Law.
Yes, the box exerts and equal and opposite force on the astronaut.
200
Two dogs are playing tug-of-war with a thick rope. A Golden Retriever pulls the rope to the left with 120 N of force. A small Beagle pulls the rope to the right with 75 N of force. What is the net force acting on the rope, and in which direction will the rope move?
45N to the left
200
A soccer player kicks a 0.4 kg ball with a net force of 20 N. What is the immediate acceleration of the soccer ball right after it is kicked?
50 m/s2
300
According to Newton's First Law, which physical property of an object is the most significant factor in determining the amount of inertia it possesses?
A. Weight
B. Volume
C. Speed
D. Mass
D. Mass
300
A worker needs to accelerate a 5,000g box at a rate of 0.2m/s2. What is the net force, in Newtons (N), that the worker must apply to the box?
1 m/s2
300
A large truck (Mass: 8,000 kg) rear-ends a small sports car (Mass: 1,500 kg) at a stoplight.
During the impact, is the force the truck exerts on the car greater than, less than, or equal to the force the car exerts on the truck?
It is equal to because Newton's 3rd law states every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
300
A toy car is coasting across a carpeted floor. A child gives the 0.5 kg toy car an initial push, causing it to move. If the carpet applies a friction force of 1.5 N in the direction opposite to the car's motion, what is the net force acting on the car while it is slowing down?
1.5 N Against the car
300
A roller coaster car is pulled to the top of the highest hill and is stopped just before it starts its descent. At this point, what type of energy (kinetic or potential) is at its maximum value? As the car races down the hill, what happens to the amount of potential energy it possesses?
Potential, the potential energy decreases.
400
A student tries to push a 1,000 kg car parked on a flat surface but cannot get it to move. They then easily push a 100 kg motorcycle that is also parked. This difference in effort is primarily due to the car having a greater:
A. Friction, which applies a force opposing the push.
B. Gravity, which increases the downward pull.
C. Inertia, which resists the change from rest to motion.
D. Velocity, which maintains the car's current movement.
C. Inertia, which resists the change from rest to motion.
400
A skater, who has a mass of 60 kg, is pulled by a rope with a force of 150 N. If the friction between the skates and the ice provides an opposing force of 30 N, what is the skater's acceleration?
2 m/s2
400
A large truck (Mass: 8,000 kg) rear-ends a small sports car (Mass: 1,500 kg) at a stoplight.
Which vehicle experiences the greater acceleration during the collision?
The smaller car, because F=ma.
400
A crane is lifting a heavy metal bucket full of tools. The metal bucket has a weight (force of gravity) of 450 N. If the crane is pulling the bucket upward with a tension force of 500 N, what is the net force acting on the bucket, and will the bucket accelerate upward or downward?
50 N Upwards
400
You are riding a city bus, and the bus driver suddenly slams on the brakes. Your body lurches forward toward the seat in front of you. Which of Newton's Laws of Motion explains why your body continues to move forward even after the bus has stopped? Explain the concept in one sentence.
Newtons 1st Law, an object in motion stays in motion.
500
A satellite orbiting Earth at a constant speed remains in motion despite the engines being turned off. Why is this motion happening?
Inertia (+ explanation from student)
500
A crane lifts a steel beam with an upward applied force of 5,400 N. If the beam has a total mass of 500 kg and is accelerating upward at a rate of 0.8 m/s2, what is the force of gravity (Fg) acting on the beam?
5000 N
500
A horse is trying to pull a cart forward. The horse argues: "According to Newton's Third Law, the cart pulls back on me with the exact same force that I pull forward on the cart. If those forces are equal and opposite, how can we ever start moving?"
Explain to the horse why it and the cart can, in fact, start moving forward. What key mistake is the horse making in applying the Third Law to its own motion?
The horse's feet pushing into the ground and the ground pushing back overcome the strength of the cart pulling backwards. Allowing the horse to pull the cart.
500
A boat is trying to cross a windy river. The boat's engine pushes forward with a force of 3,000 N. The river's current pushes backward with a resistance force of 1,200 N. Additionally, a strong side wind pushes perpendicular to the boat's motion with a force of 500 N. If the boat has a mass of 1,000 kg, what is the forward/backward net force acting on the boat, and what is the resulting acceleration in that direction?
1,800 N Forward
1.8 m/s2
500
A scientist takes a sample rock from Earth and measures its mass as 10 kg. If the scientist were to take that exact same rock to the Moon, where the force of gravity is much weaker, how would the mass of the rock change? Explain your answer.
The mass would not change because mass is a measure of how much matter is in an object. The only thing that would change is the weight.