The very first Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to German Physicist Wilhelm Röntgen for his detection of this type of Electromagnetic Radiation
What are X-Rays
100
Although once thought to be analogous to planets orbiting a star, modern physics now describes these elementary particles as probability-density waves
What is the Electron
100
This "Law" of electronics states that as technology progresses, the number of transistors that fit on to a single integrated circuit will double every eighteen months
What is Moore's Law
100
This aptly named force is responsible for counteracting the repulsive force between protons in a nucleus
What is the Strong Nuclear Force
100
This element with the symbol Be is a major component in the chemical makeup of Emeralds
What is Beryllium
200
This husband and wife duo were awarded the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on radiation
Who are Pierre and Marie Curie
200
With a nuclear binding energy of only 8.8 MeV, an isotope of this element has one of the most tightly bound nuclei
What is Iron-56
200
Seen at the beginning of all URL's, HTTP stands for Hypertext ____________
What is Hypertext Transfer Protocol
200
In the Standard Model of Physics, these fundamental particles are described as "Force Carriers"
What are Bosons
200
This form of radioactive decay causes an electron or positron to be ejected from an atom
What is Beta Decay
300
Although probably best known for proving mass-energy equivalence, Albert Einstein was actually awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of this natural phenomenon
What is the Photoelectric Effect
300
Due to loosely bound valence electrons and tightly bound inner-shell electrons, this type of atom appears to have the same electrical potential energy as Hydrogen when viewed from a distance
What is a Rydberg Atom
300
This "Elemental" California area acquired its name after several technology firms set up shop there in the early 1980s
What is Silicon Valley
300
This resistive force is caused by microscopic grooves and ridges that exist even on objects that appear smooth
What is Frictional Force
300
This principle in fluid dynamics states that as the velocity of a fluids flow increases, its potential energy (or pressure) decreases
What is Bernoulli's Principle
400
The discovery of this eponymous elementary particle snagged the man who first theorized its existence the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics
What is the Higgs Boson
400
One way to visualize this shortest unit of measurable length is to say that if a single hydrogen atom were blown up to the size of the observable universe, this unit would be the size of a single hydrogen atom within that universe.
What is the Planck Length
400
The tendency for the charge density of AC currents to be greater near the surface of a conducting wire than in the center is called this effect
What is the Skin Effect
400
This measure of size is defined as the radius of a sphere such that, if all the mass of an object is compressed within that sphere, a black hole would form
What is the Schwarzschild Radius
400
This SI unit of measure is defined as the amount of radioactive material necessary for one nuclear decay to occur per second
What is a Becquerel
500
This former United States Secretary of Energy was jointly awarded the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics for his research into methods of cooling and trapping atoms using laser light
Who is Stephen Chu
500
Physicist Murray Gell-Mann was inspired by a line from James Joyce's novel Finnegan's Wake when he coined this term for a type of fundamental subatomic particle
What is a Quark
500
Often called the father of theoretical computer science, this man helped create the Manchester Mark I, one of the world's first stored-program computers
Who is Alan Turing
500
As a contender for the title of "Grand Unifying Theory", the theoretical basis for M-Theory requires space-time to have this many dimensions
What is Eleven Dimensions
500
During World War II, this German born Physicist was head of the Theoretical Physics division at Los Alamos Research Facility