Scientists
Who proposed the plum pudding model of the atom?
J.J Thomson
Charge-to-Mass Ratio
q/m
Is the universe expanding, contracting, or remaining static?
Expanding
What negatively charged subatomic particle orbits the nucleus?
Electron
Which subatomic particle is most commonly accelerated in a CRO or cathode ray tube?
Electron
Who discovered neutrons in 1932?
James Chadwick
Planck's constant
What key element makes up roughly 75% of the early universe's ordinary matter?
Hydrogen
What fundamental particles make up protons and neutrons?
Quarks
Magnetic Field
Who proposed that light energy is quantized into photons to explain blackbody radiation?
Max Planck
Wien's displacement law
λ_max = b/T
Which law states that a galaxy's recession velocity is proportional to its distance?
Hubble's Law
What classification of elementary particles includes the electron and electron-neutrino?
Leptons
What type of field accelerates charged particles in a linac?
Electric Field
Who is responsible for showing that galaxies move away from us at speeds proportional to their distance?
Edwin Hubble
Half-life decay constant formula
λ = ln(2)/t_(1/2)
What effect causes the spectral lines of distant galaxies to shift toward longer wavelengths?
Cosmological Redshift
What type of particle consists of one quark and one antiquark?
Meson
What name is given to the two hollow semi-circular electrodes in a cyclotron?
Dees
Who proved that the strong force operates between nucleons through alpha particle scattering experiments?
Ernest Rutherford
Rydberg's Equation
1/λ = R(1/n_f^2 - 1/n_i^2)
What radiation background provides key evidence for the Big Bang?
Cosmic Microwave Background / CMB
What force-carrying particle (gauge boson) mediates the electromagnetic interaction?
Photon
What property of a particle must increase as its velocity approaches c, requiring magnetic field adjustments?