Intro to Physics
True
Who was Sir Isaac Newton?
A 1700's scientist. He developed the laws of motion.
What is speed?
Distance traveled divided by the time it took to travel the distance.
E.g. 50 meters traveled per second (50 m/s)
What is friction?
The force two surfaces exert on each other when they touch/rub against each other.
!!!DOUBLE POINTS!!!
What is a wave?
!!!DOUBLE POINTS!!!
A wave is a disturbance that travels through space and matter and transfers energy from one place to another.
What question does physics ask?
How (how things happen).
What is the difference between balanced and unbalanced forces acting on an object?
Balanced forces do not result in a change in motion due to the equal forces acting on the object.
Unbalanced forces result in a change in motion in the direction of the greater force.
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Speed is distance divided by time, Velocity is speed with a direction.
What is the difference between weight and mass?
Weight is a measure of the gravitational force on an object, mass is how much "stuff" is in one place.
Define mechanical wave, and give an example.
A mechanical wave is a wave that must have a medium in order to exist/travel. An example is sound, another is ocean waves.
What do we do in physics?
Applied mathematics
State one of Isaac Newton's three laws of motion.
1. An object at rest stays at rest. An object in motion stays in motion unless an unbalanced force acts on it.
2. The force acting on an object is equal to the mass of that object times its acceleration.
3. Every action (or force) has an equal and opposite reaction (or force).
When is an object in motion?
When its distance from another object is changing.
Define static friction.
Static friction is the friction that acts on objects that are not moving.
Define wavelength.
Wavelength is the distance between two wave crests.
What is the ultimate goal of physics?
To understand the universe around us.
What is the equation for Newton's second law?
Force = Mass * Acceleration
What do you have to have to determine if something is in motion?
A reference point
Define air resistance (what type of friction is it) and terminal velocity.
Air resistance: a type of fluid friction that occurs when objects fall toward earth.
Terminal velocity: the fastest an object can fall, this is the speed an object is traveling when the gravitational force acting on it (downward) equals the air resistance pushing back on it (upward).
What is a transverse wave?
A transverse wave is a wave where the wave moves up and down (or left and right) as it travels toward you.
What does physics try to define?
The simplest measurable things (like speed, velocity, weight, kinetic energy, etc.)
!!!DOUBLE POINTS!!!
What is Inertia?
!!!DOUBLE POINTS!!!
How much an object resists changing its direction.
What does acceleration mean?
Acceleration is the process of increasing or decreasing speed over time, which looks like this: m/s2 (m/s/s).
Using the following equations, answer the question below.
!!!DOUBLE POINTS!!!
Force = Mass x Acceleration
Distance = 0.5 x Gravity x Time x Time
Final Velocity = Initial Velocity + Gravity x Time
Joules = 0.5 x Mass x Final Velocity x Final Velocity
How fast would a piece of wood be falling on Mars (Gravity = 3.9 m/s/s) if a woodchuck could chuck wood at a Velocity of 10 m/s, and the wood was chucked 8 seconds ago?
41.2 m/s
(use the Final Velocity equation, we are looking for how fast the wood is falling, which is a velocity)
List one wave behavior and give a real world example of that wave behavior.
Reflection - when a wave encounters a new medium that acts like a barrier, and the wave is reflected back to the old medium. E.g. a mirror
Refraction - when a wave enters a new medium and changes direction. E.g. a fish in water.
Absorption - when a wave causes a molecule to vibrate and move. The wave's energy is transferred into the molecule. E.g. sunlight warming up pavement.
Interference - when two waves interact with each other and the end wave is different from the first two. E.g. two speakers playing the same thing makes the sound louder.