Newton’s Laws
What is Newton’s First Law also known as?
The Law of Inertia
What are the three subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, electrons
What is the center of our solar system?
The Sun
What are the three types of electric charge?
Positive, negative, neutral
What is the formula for density?
D=m/V (Density = Mass/Volume)
According to Newton’s Second Law, what happens when force increases while mass remains constant?
Acceleration increases
Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?
Electron
What are the two types of planetary motion?
Rotation (around axis) and revolution (around the Sun)
What happens when two objects have the same charge?
They repel.
If an object is less dense than water, what will happen?
It will float.
Give an example of Newton’s Third Law in real life.
Jumping off a boat – the boat moves back as you jump forward.
How is an atom similar to the solar system?
Electrons orbit the nucleus, like planets orbit the Sun.
What separates the inner and outer planets?
The Asteroid Belt
Why do clothes stick together after being in a dryer?
Static electricity (electrons transfer due to friction).
Name one way to reduce friction and one way to increase friction.
Reduce: lubricants; Increase: rougher surfaces
If an object has a mass of 5 kg and is pushed with a force of 20 N, what is its acceleration?
a=F/m=20/5=4 m/s²
If an atom has 8 protons, how many electrons does it have in its shells?
2 and 6 (2,6).
What is the main difference between an asteroid and a comet in terms of composition?
Asteroids are made of rock/metal; comets have ice and dust.
What happens when you rub a balloon on your hair?
Electrons transfer, giving the balloon a negative charge, making it attract hair.
Friction always causes _____
heat
A box is pushed, but it does not move. Which of Newton's laws explains this?
Newton’s First Law (inertia) or Second Law (insufficient force to overcome static friction)
What is the difference between atomic mass and atomic number?
Atomic mass = protons + neutrons; atomic number = protons only
Why do planets closer to the Sun orbit faster than those farther away?
Stronger gravitational pull near the Sun.
An object becomes more positively charged if
It loses electrons
If a soccer ball were kicked on a frictionless surface, what would happen?
It would keep moving indefinitely.