Physics Vocabulary 4-6

A

100

an action exerted on an object which may change the object's state of rest or motion

Focus

200

Force Diagrams that show only the forces acting on a single object

Free-Body Diagrams

300

Is the vector sum of all forces acting on an object 

Net Force

400

Is the state in which the net force on a object is zero

Equilibrium

500

Is the tendency of an object to resist being moved or, if the object is moving to resist a change in speed or direction

Inertia

B

100

The magnitude of this force is a scalar quantity called

Weight

200

Acts on a surface in a direction perpendicular to the surface

Normal Force

300

a force that resists the initiation of sliding motion between two surfaced that are in contact and at rest

Static Friction

400

Is the force that opposes the movement of two surfaces that are in contact and are sliding over each other. 

Kinetic Friction

500

The quantity that expresses the dependence of frictional forces on the particular surface in contact 

Coefficient of Friction

C

100

is done on an object when a force causes a displacement of the object.

Work

200

The energy of an object that is due to the objects motion. It also depends on speed and mass

Kinetic Energy

300

A parament that measures the springs resistance to being compressed or stretched. Symbol is K

Spring Constant

400

Is the net work done by all the forces action on an object is equal to the change in the objects kinetic energy

Work-Kinetic Energy Theorem

500

Is the potential energy stored in the gravitational fields of interacting bodies and depends on height from a zero level.

Gravitational potential energy

D

100

Is the energy associated with an object because of the position, shape or condition of the object

Potential Energy

200

Defined as mass times velocity

Momentum

300

the total momentum of all objects interacting with one another remains constant regardless of the nature of the force between the objects

Law of conservation of momentum

400

The sum of Kinetic energy and all forms of potential energy associated with an object or group of objects

Mechanical Energy

500

The energy available for use when a deformed elastic object returns to its original configuration.

Elastic Potential Energy 

E

100

Is a quantity that measures the rate at which work is done or is transferred

Power

200

The product of the force and the time over which the force acts on an object 

Impulse

300

Theorem states that when a net force is applied to an object over a certain time interval, the force will cause a change in the objects momentum..

Impulse-momentum theorm

400

is a collision in which the total momentum of and the total kinetic energy are conserved.

Elastic Collision

500

Is a collision in which two objects stick together after colliding and move together as one mass.

Perfectly inelastic collision