Vocab
Work (W)
The energy transferred when a force causes an object to move
Kinetic Energy (K)
The energy an object has due to its motion
Conservation of Mass
Mass cannot be created or destroyed
Spring Constant (k)
A measure of how stiff the spring is, measured in N/m
Light Energy
Energy carried by photons; does not require a medium to travel
Energy (J)
The capacity of a physical system to do work
Potential Energy
Stored energy an object has due to its position
Conservation of Momentum
The momentum before and after a collision is conserved in a closed system
Chemical Energy
Energy due to the positions of chemical bonds and atoms
Electrical Energy
The energy that comes from moving electric charges
Power (P)
The rate at which work is done, or how fast energy is transferred (P=W/t)
Gravitational Potential Energy (U)
Stored energy of an object due to its height (U=mgh)
Momentum (p)
The measure of an object's motion (p=mv)
Nuclear Energy
Energy stored in the core of atoms
Magnetic Energy
The energy stored in a magnetic field
Rest Energy
The energy an object has just because it has mass, even when it is not moving
Rest E=mc^2 (c = speed of light = 3*108 m/s)
Spring Potential Energy (Us)
The potential energy stored in a spring or elastic material when stretched or compressed from equilibrium
Impulse
The result of a force acting on an object for a given amount of time (impulse = f x t)
Thermal Energy
Energy associated with vibrations of matter; faster vibrations equal higher temperature
Rotational Energy
The energy an object has because it is spinning
The Work-Kinetic Energy Theorem
The net work done on an object by all forces is equal to the object's change in kinetic energy
The Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy cannot be created and destroyed; it can only be transferred from one form to another
Impulse-Momentum Theorem
States that impulse is equal to an object's change in momentum (impulse=pf−pi)
Sound Energy
Energy associated with vibrations of matter; sounds are waves traveling through a medium
Total Energy
The total energy at any point along an object’s path is the same (constant)