Hillbilly Bone
The distal radius has two articular surfaces for these two carpal bones.
What are the facets for articulation with the scaphoid and lunate bones.
This nerve innervates the thenar muscles in the hand.
What is the recurrent branch of the median nerve.
This vein pierces through the clavipectoral fascia to drain in to the axillary vein.
What is the cephalic vein.
This nerve supplies two muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm before passing anterior to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.
What is the radial nerve (brachioradialis & extensor carpi radialis longus).
Your patient gets punched in the ribs underneath their armpit. Upon examination, you see that they have significant scapular winging on the affected side. This nerve was likely damaged in the altercation.
What is the long thoracic nerve (medial wall of axilla).
The most important movements of the scapula are upward and downward rotation. This muscle, that mostly inserts to the lower 1/3 of the medial border of the scapula, is the prime mover for upward rotation of the scapula.
What is serratus anterior.
This nerve (a) penetrates this muscle (b) before emerging on the other side as the posterior interosseous nerve.
What is the deep branch of the radial nerve (a) and the supinator muscle (b).
This artery is directly related to the surgical neck of the humerus.
What is the posterior circumflex humeral artery.
Just proximal to the wrist, the median nerve is crossed by these two tendons that are travelling laterally.
What are the palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis.
Your patient complains that they cannot retract their scapula. Upon examination, they also present some weakness when trying to shrug their shoulder. This nerve is likely damaged.
What is the dorsal scapular nerve.
This feature of the humero-ulnar joint allows for sufficient space of the muscles of the arm and forearm in full flexion.
What is anterior angulation of 45 degrees of the distal end of the humerus and proximal end of the ulna.
Your patient works on an assembly line and comes to you complaining they are having difficulty rotating their arm toward their body. This nerve(s) has likely been damaged.
What are the upper and lower subscapular nerves (subscapularis = prime mover for medial rotation).
This artery supplies the deep layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm.
What is the anterior interosseous artery.
These lymph nodes sit near the axillary inlet.
What are the apical lymph nodes.
Your patient complains of tight neck muscles. Upon examination, you find they cannot abduct their arm. This nerve root is likely compressed.
What is C5 nerve root (myotome).
This important bony landmark serves as a pulley for the extensor pollicis longus tendon.
What is Lister's tubercle (on the radius).
This nerve accompanies the deep branch of the ulnar artery through the two heads of the opponens digiti minimi muscle.
What is the deep branch of the ulnar nerve.
The radial artery travels through this important landmark (a) before penetrating through the heads of these muscles in the hand (b).
What is the anatomical snuff box (a) and the first dorsal interosseous muscle and adductor pollicis muscle (b).
These two cutaneous nerves sit between the cepahlic and basilic veins on the anterior surface of the arm.
What are the lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm (branch of musculocutaneous nerve) and the medial cutaneous nerve of forearm (direct branch of brachial plexus).
These are the least efficient positions of the flexors and extensors of the elbow, respectively.
What is when your arm is beside you (flexors - lifting something up) and when you are holding your arms out in front of you (extensors - pushing something away from you).
Your patient fractured their hook of hamate. They are likely experiencing difficulty with which movement(s) at the wrist and in the hand?
Ulnar deviation/adduction at the wrist (FCU) as well as abduction (Ab.DM), flexion (FDMB), and lateral rotation of the fifth metacarpal (ODM).
Your patient fractured their hook of hamate. They have no sensation in their fingers and general weakness in the hand. Remarkably, they still have sensation on the dorsum and palmar surface of their hand. This nerve (a) was likely damaged while in this structure/area (b).
What is the ulnar nerve (a) while in Guyon's tunnel (b).
The dorsal scapular nerve is accompanied by this artery to supply the rhomboids and levator scapula muscles.
What is the transverse cervical artery (deep branch).
Inflammation of this bursa would limit abduction of the arm.
What is the subacromial bursa (sits on top of supraspinatus tendon).
Yesterday, your 10 year old patient was swinging on the monkey bars but missed a rung and ended up hanging by one arm before being rescued by their parent. Later that evening, she was having trouble holding her pencil while completing her math homework. These nerve roots were likely damaged.
What are C8 and T1 nerve roots (Klumpke's Palsy).