Layers of the skin
What are the 3 main divisions of the skin?
epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous
What is the technical name for an oil gland and what is secreted?
sebaceous gland that secrete sebum
Name the 4 skin types?
dry, oily, normal and combination
The skin and its layers are part of which body system?
integumentary system
What is the difference between a subjective symptom and an objective symptom?
subjective-felt by individual
objective-can be seen by both individual and observer
What is the last step to a facial service?
protect
During a skin care service products are removed from their container using a _________________?
clean spatula
Name the types of temporary hair removal?
tweezing, waxing, sugaring, threading, shaving
This product provides a good canvas for make up design?
foundation
The stratum corneum is composed of ___________________?
keratin cells
What is the technical name for a sweat gland and why do we sweat?
sudoriferous glands, sweating excretes waste, controls body temperature and helps maintain the acid mantle
This is the most common skin type?
combination
The study of skin, its structure functions and dieases is called______________?
dermatology
What does the word chronic mean?
constantly reoccurring
What facial equipment provides a soothing heat that penetrates tissue?
infrared lamp
Which product helps rebalance skins pH?
toner
What is another name for the stratum germinativum?
stratum basale
What is the purpose of the acid mantle?
keeps skin smooth, prevents dirt from entering, prevents skin from drying out and helps to maintain pH
Which skin type has large pores, a rough texture and is prone to acne or blemishes?
oily
Give an example of an objective symptom?
inflammation
A solid mass in the skin that may be elevated or deep, soft or hard, fixed or moveable is called a ____________?
tumor
This is a type of mask that is warm, applied over a layer of gauze, and helps to draw oil and perspiration to the top layer of the skin?
paraffin
Name the different types of facial masks?
clay, cream or modeling
Which layer of the epidermis contains irregular shaped cells that appear spiny?
stratum spinosum
Sebaceous glands are attached to each_______________?
hair follicle
How do you recognize dry skin?
small pores, flakiness, has fewer blemishes
What gives skin its color and helps to protect from harmful UV rays?
melanin
What should you do if a client has rosacea and is requesting a facial?
proceed with the approval of a physician
In which layer of the epidermis does mitosis occur?
stratum basale(germinativum)
Sebum is secreted onto the surface of the skin by way of the _____________________________?
papillary canal
Where is the thickest skin found/ where is the thinnest skin found?
thickest palms of hand soles of feet/thinnest on the eyelids
What are the 6 functions of the skin?
sensation, heat regulation, absorption, protection, excretion and secretion
Thickening of the epidermis due to friction or pressure is called a____________?
callus
Which layer of the epidermis contains tiny granules that push dead skin cells to the to the surface?
stratum granulosum
The greatest concentration of sudoriferous glands is found on the___________________?
palms, soles, scalp, forehead and underarms
The term used to describe any hyperpigmentation caused by overactivity of the melanocytes is called____________?
melanoderma
What is the acid mantle, its purpose and its pH?
it's a mixture of water from the sweat glands and sebum from the oil glands, its purpose is to protect the stratum corneum and it has an average pH of 4.5-5.5
This gland is sac-like and attached to the hair follicle?
sebaceous
An open comedone is the technical term for a ____________?
blackhead
Which layer adds a protective cushion for the skin, gives shape and contour and contains large blood vessels that transport nourishment to the skin and nerves?
subcutaneous
What is the purpose of sebum?
mixes with sweat to form the acid mantle
Hives is an example of a ______________________?
wheal
Which layer of the dermis contains blood vessels and capillaries that provide nutrients to the upper layer?
papillary
What is a decrease in melanocytes called?
leukoderma
Which layer of the dermis contains collagen and elastin fibers that give skin strength and flexibility?
reticular
Where does a steatoma usually appear?
on the scalp, neck, and back
Cells that have absorbed melanin to distribute pigmentation to other cells are located in which layer?
stratum granulosum
What is another name for a keratoma?
a callus
Sudoriferous glands, sebaceous glands. sensory nerve ending, arrector pili muscles and a major portion of each hair follicle are found in this layer?
reticular
This is a congenital failure of the skin to produce melanin?
albinism
This is characterized by oval or irregular patches of white skin that do not have normal pigment?
vitiligo
Herpes simplex 1 commonly appears as a _____________?
fever blister
What is a verruca?
a wart