Lets Rock
What in the World
Shake, Rattle and Roll
Cinder and Ashes
Forces of Nature
How old are you?
100
What are the three rock families?
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
100
The three main ways tectonic plates move and describe them
Convergent: plates come together
Divergent: plates move apart
Transform: plates slide past eachother
100
The name of the scale that measures earthquakes
Richter Scale
100
The term used to describe an inactive volcano
Dormant
100
Acid rain is an example of this type of weathering
Chemical Weathering
100
What is the difference between molds and casts?
Mold: the empty space, or impression left behind
Cast: when the empty space is filled with minerals, takes the shape of the original organism
200
Two types of Igneous rock are? And How to do they Form?
Extrusive- on the crust; cool quickly; little crystals
Intrusive - below the crust; cool slowly; large crystals
200
The term that describes the area where one plate is shoved under the other, when two plates collide 
Subduction Zone
200
After an earthquake, these can cause further damage
Aftershocks
200
The string of islands formed by volcanoes, caused by a hot spot
Hawaiian Islands
200
The movement of rock and mineral grains from one place to another
Erosion
200
What part of living organisms are easiest to find as fossils?
Bones or shells. Wings, skin or soft-bodied creatures do not preserved well.
300
What process needs to take place in order for metamorphic rock to form?
Heat and pressure
300
What is continental drift and who was the the scientist who proposed the theory?
The theory that the continents were once all connected and they have slowed drifted apart over millions of years- Proposed by Alfred Wegner
300
In Canada which coastal region has the most earthquakes? east coast, west coast?
Expain why
West Coast, because it sits on a plate boundary
300
Rock formed when lava cools quickly
Extrusive igneous
300
What is the difference between anticline and syncline folding of mountains?
300
Footprints would be what type of fossils?
Trace Fossils
400
This type of rock might build up in layers of strata. It is also the main type of rock that fossils are found in. How does it form?
Sedimentary
- compaction and cementation
400
Many scientists believe that there are forces in the mantle causing the Earth's plates to move. What are these forces called?
Convection Currents
400
This type of earthquake wave can travel through all states of matter
Primary (P) waves
Surface waves
400
What do we call the area around the Pacific Ocean?
Hint: It's due to the high number of volcanoes that occur on the subduction zones that boarder the Pacific Ocean
Ring of Fire
400
Mechanical weathering where water freezes and thaws, expanding and contracting in cracks
Frost wedging
400
The Principle of ______________ states that in undisturbed layers of rock, the oldest layers are always on the bottom and the youngest are on the top.
Superposition
500
Rocks are made of minerals. What are 5 ways you could test a mineral to identify it?
Color: This is not mineral specific. For example quartz can be almost any color, shape and within many rock types.
Streak: Color of the mineral's powder. This can be found by rubbing the mineral onto a tile
Lustre: way light reflects from the mineral's surface (shineness)
Transparency: The way light travels through minerals. The mineral can be transparent (clear), translucent (cloudy) or opaque (none)
Cleavage: if it breaks in smooth flat sheets
Fracture: If it breaks with sharp, rough edges
Hardness: The Mohs Hardness Scale is the main scale to measure mineral hardness.
Crystal Structure: How the crystals are formed
500
Why did scientist reject the theory of continental drift?
At the time the theory could not fully explain why the continents moved.
500
Where an earthquakes begins within the Earth is called the ___________. Directly above it on the surface of the crust is called the ___________
Focus
500
In a volcanic eruption, a hot, fast moving cloud or mixture of hot rock fragments, hot gases, and ashes
Pyroclastic flow
500
What are the two ways mountains form?
folding or faulting
500
Determining the age of a rock layer in relation to other rock layers is called
Relative Dating
600
Scientists believe that the world’s land masses once formed a giant supercontinent called
Pangea
600
Earths history is split into difference categories called the geologic time scale. What is used to determine the boundaries between Eras?
Mass extinctions