The Laws
Planets orbit the sun in an ellipse with the sun at 1 focus.
What is Kepler's 1st law?
This shape has an eccentricity of 0.
What is a circle?
What is closest?
This is defined as how long the object will take to complete 1 revolution around the sun.
What is the orbital period?
This term describes 1 lap around the sun.
What is revolution?
A sun-planet line sweeps out equal areas in equal time.
What is Kepler's 2nd Law?
What shape did Ptolemy, Copernicus, and Brahe believe the planets' orbits to be?
Circular
Object moves slowest when it is _______________ from the sun.
What is furthest/farthest?
This is defined as the object's average distance from the sun.
What is the semimajor axis?
This term describes the longest axis in an ellipse.
What is the major axis?
The square of the orbital period is equivalent to the cube of the semimajor axis.
What is Kepler's 3rd Law?
This shape has an eccentricity greater than 0, but less than 1.
What is an ellipse?
When approaching the perihelion, the planet will_________________.
What is move faster or speed up?
This factor determines how long a planet will take to orbit the sun.
What is the average distance of the planet from the Sun?
This formula is used to calculate eccentricity.
What is e = f / d?
Every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.
What is Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?
This is defined as the object's closest position in orbit to the sun.
What is perihelion?
When approaching aphelion, the planet will _____________________.
What is move slower or slow down?
P or T stand for......
What is orbital period?
This formula is used to calculate the orbital period of an object.
What is P2 = a3 or T2 = r3?
An object's acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
What is Newton's 2nd Law of Motion?
This is defined as the object's furthest position from the sun.
What is aphelion?
This fundamental force is why objects change velocity in their orbit.
What is gravity?
a or r stands for....
What is semimajor axis?
This term describes how elongated or elliptical an orbit is.
What is eccentricity?