Kepler
This is a measurement of how elongated a closed circle is
Eccentricity
This constant measures 6.67 x 10-11 Newtons x m2/kg2
Big "G" or the universal gravitational constant
This phenomenon is when time slows down for astronauts moving in space.
Time Dilation
Is spacetime flat or curved?
Curved
These can be artificial or natural
Satellites
The value range for eccentricity measures?
0 to 1
This is the force of attraction between two objects with mass at a given distance.
Gravity
This famous formula proves that mass and energy are interchangeable.
E = mc2
These massive regions of spacetime help prove the theory of general relativity.
Black holes
Einstein's theory that space and time are connected
Spacetime
This is the formula for eccentricity
E = d/L
Eccentricity equals the distance between two foci divided by the length of the major axis of the ellipse
Equal and opposite gravitational forces exerted by stars, planets, and moons on each other is what law of Newton's?
Third Law of Motion
These subatomic particles are created in Earth's upper atmosphere when high-energy cosmic rays collide with atoms.
Muons
What happens to a person who falls into a black hole?
They get stretched and torn apart - spaghettification
What does the "c" represent in this formula?:
E = mc2
Speed of light
Point in a planet's orbit closest to the sun; it is moving fastest at this point
Perihelion
What happens to the gravitational force between two objects in space if both masses of objects are tripled and the distance is held constant?
The force is increased by 9 times.
What is the fastest speed in the universe?
Speed of light
Defined as ripples in spacetime caused by accelerating massive objects like black holes.
Gravitational Waves
Time dilation indicates that time _______ _______ for astronauts moving in space.
slows down
Point in a planet's orbit farthest away from the sun; it is moving slowest at this point
Aphelion
What happens to the gravitational force between two objects in space if the distance between two objects is tripled and the masses of each object is held constant?
The gravitational force between the two decreases by 9 times ( is 1/9 as strong).
The theory of special relativity is noteworthy for its exclusion (omission) of this factor.
Gravity
Point where spacetime is no longer stable or predictable. Quantum mechanics must help explain this theory in relativity.
Singularity
A point were gravity is so intense that spacetime breaks down
Singularity