Viral🌱
Identify this virus:
-affects plant in seedling and vegetative stages
-curls leaf margin
Leaf Curl Virus
Define disease
-Is any condition interfearing with normal growth and development
-Is caused by living or non-living agents
-can affect any any area on a plant
Define fungal Diseases
• Spread from plant-to-plant via, wind, insects, rain, soil, machinery
• Can be transmitted by seeds
• Can be waterborne
• Are the most common and easiest to treat
• Treatment can include: ̶ sanitation ̶ increase watering ̶ increase air flow
• Usually starts with spotted or discolored leaves and stems ̶ dry, brown margins and dead tissue or necrotic lesions
• Are controlled with dust or sprays
• Are nearly impossible to eliminate if not treated immediately, especially soil-borne disease
Define weeds
•Compete with desirable plants for nutrients,
water, sunlight and spacing
•Without adequate water will wilt, droop or
shrivel
What is the prevention method for annual bluegrass
−deep, infrequent irrigation
−clean mowers and cultivating equipment
before mowing weed-free areas
What are the environmental condition for Mosaic Virus
-transmitted by insects
-transmitted by insects
Is there a treatment method for bacterial wilt?
NO TREATMENT AVAILABLE :(
What are mildews
• Are a form of mold
• Are commonly found in damp, moist, shaded areas
• Affect leaves, stems, buds, flowers and fruits ̶ leaves will turn brown and drop prematurely
• Are usually white, gray, green or black
−annual
−perennial
−biennial
List some prevention methods for Mosaic Virus
-Plant disease resistant plants
-control insects carrying the disease
-remove or destroy infected plants
-control weeds
What are the environmental conditions for leaf curl margins
- weed infested fields
What are living and non-living agents?
Living:
-anything causing harm to plants
-Include microorganisms, such as:
- fungi
-bacteria
NON- living
-environmental stress on plants, such as:
Air pollution
drought
Hail
Wind
What is the life cycle(4 steps) of fungi
̶ spore production
̶ spore
̶ spore germination
̶ hyphal growth
Scientific name for annual bluegrass:
Scientific Name: Poa annua
What is a prevention method for late blight?
̶ destroy voulenteer plants
̶ maintain dry foliage
̶ remove infected plants
̶ plant resistant varieties
Treatment Methods for leaf curl virus
- control whiteflies with insecticidal oils, such as narrow-range oil or neem oil
-floating row cover
What are the environmental factors of bacterial soft rot?
− warm weather
− humidity
− high level of soil moisture
− insects wounds
What are the enviromental conditions for gray leaf spot
̶ warm temperatures
̶ high humidity
̶ wet weather
̶ minimum tillage
Scientific name for chick weed:
Scientific Name: Stellaria media
What are some prevention methods for crown gall
ntion methods:
− avoid plant injury
− avoid contaminated tools
− inspects plants carefully and regularly
− destroy infected plants
− plant gall-resistant varieties
-resistant varieties
Which virus affects:
- Tomatoes, cucumbers, soybeans
- Causes leaves to curl and turn yellow
Mosaic Virus
What are the characteristics for blackleg?
− forms dark spots on base of stems and roots in cabbage plants
− plants turn yellow, wilt and die
− spread by rain, wind and human activity
What's the scientific name for black rot
Scientific Name: Xanthomonas campestris
Scientific name for the common ragweed
Scientific Name: Ambrosia artemisiifolia
What is a Prevention method for potato scab
− use crop rotation
− do not use compost mixes
− keep soil cool and moist
− plant disease-resistant varieties