Plant Systems
What are the two main plant systems?
Shoot system and root system
Name any 3 of the 6 main plant parts.
Roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruit, seeds
Which has parallel veins: monocot or dicot?
Monocot
Which organelle performs photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
Are plant cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Eukaryotic
Which system is found above ground?
Shoot system
What part of the plant is responsible for photosynthesis?
Leaves
Which has vascular bundles in a ring: monocot or dicot?
Dicot
What stores water and helps support the plant cell?
Vacuole
What does the smooth ER do?
Synthesizes lipids
What is the main job of the root system?
Anchor the plant and absorb water/nutrients
What protects and guides the growing root tip?
Root cap
Which plant type grows wider through secondary growth?
Woody plant (also dicots)
What part of the cell contains DNA?
Nucleus
What’s the function of mitochondria?
Produces energy through cellular respiration
What does the apical meristem do?
Increases plant length through primary growth
What are root hairs used for?
Absorbing water and nutrients
Give one example of a monocot and one of a dicot.
Monocot: corn, wheat, grass; Dicot: bean, sunflower, oak
Which part makes proteins?
Ribosomes
What are the differences between fibrous and taproots?
Taproots are thick and grow deep; fibrous roots are thin and spread out near the surface
What is the name of the meristem that increases plant diameter?
Lateral meristem (ground meristem
What type of root is thicker and grows downward?
Primary root
How do woody plants differ from herbaceous plants?
Woody plants have thick, rigid stems and grow in diameter over time; herbaceous plants have soft, flexible stems
What are two differences between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts; animal cells do not. Plant cells have a large central vacuole; animal cells have small vacuoles.
Define both "prokaryote" and "eukaryote".
Prokaryote: cell with no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryote: cell with nucleus and organelles.