Examining Sexual Reproduction of Flowering Plants
The sperm cells
What are gametes?
the ability of seeds to germinate under less than optimal conditions and still produce healthy seedlings.
What is vigor?
Often used to join a smaller scion to a larger rootstock.
Portions of stems that contain terminal or lateral buds are used for
What are stem cuttings?
are shortened underground stems enclosed with fleshy leaves.
What are bulbs?
the fusion of a sperm with an egg.
What is fertilization?
Seeds can be planted indoors until they grow into seedlings that are then transplanted into larger containers or to a permanent location outdoors.
What is indirect seeding?
similar to cleft grafting in that it is used to join smaller scion wood to larger rootstock.
What is bark grafting?
The distal end of a stem cutting, or the end closest to the root system, is usually dipped in a rooting hormone to hasten the formation of
What are adventitious roots?
tiny aboveground bulbs
What are bulbils?
meaning they contain a single set of chromosomes.
What is haploid?
the material in which plants are grown.
What is medium?
involves taking a bud from one plant and inserting it under the bark of the rootstock.
What is t-budding?
This practice of placing the cuttings is known as
What is sticking cuttings?
tiny bulbs below the ground
What are bulblets?
A cell with two sets of chromosomes is termed
What is diploid?
Many flowers, vegetables, and grass seeds are planted directly into the soil outdoors in their permanent location.
What is direct seeding?
is used when the bark is thick, as on pecans and walnuts.
What is t-budding?
are made from plants with stems that do not become woody.
What are herbaceous cuttings?
are globe-shaped, fleshy underground stems.
What are corms?
Both sperm nuclei from the pollen grain are involved in fertilization.
What is double fertilization?
the date to plant seeds.
What is the planting date?
are used to propagate evergreens and deciduous plants with woody stems.
What are hardwood cuttings?
are taken from the soft, new growth on woody plants in the spring or early summer.
What are Softwood cuttings?
a method of asexual propagation in which roots are formed on a stem while it is still attached to the parent plant.
What is layering?