Unit 1 - Life Cycles
Plant that lives for a single year?
What is an Annual?
Type of root system found in monocotyledons
What is Fibrous?
Process where the embryo emerges from the seed
What is germination?
Process of water movement through the xylem resulting from the loss of water vapor through the stomata?
What is transpiration?
Glucose and are inputs of respiration
What is Oxygen?
Combining genetic material of two parents through pollination and fertilization
What is Sexual Propagation?
Propagation method that adds a new bud to a plant
What is budding?
Offspring that are the result of mating between genetically similar kinds of parents is called
What is Purebred?
Spaces between particles filled with water, air, or both
What are pores?
Any material that supplies one or more of the chemical elements required for plant growth and increase soil fertility
What is Fertilizer?
What are Life Cycles?
Part of the plant that produces pollen
What is the Anther?
First step of germination where the seed rapidly takes up water and the seed coat swells and softens
What is Imbibition?
One benefit of transpiration for the plant
What is moves nutrients from the soil to the roots, keeps the stem rigid, and keeps the plant cool?
True or False: Photosynthesis is energy consumption and respiration is energy creation.
What is false
Plants that pollinate from male flowers and female flowers are separate plants for sexual reproduction
Method that covers a limb with leaves or soil to promote root growth is known as...
What is Layering
Where a plant inherits the same alleles for a particular gene from both parents is known as...
List one of the reasons that plants need soil
What is....
anchorage
oxygen
nutrients
water
temperature modification
One of the three disadvantages to soil amendments
What is ...
Over fertilization
weed seeds
woody materials
Perennials that are leafless during a portion of the year
What are deciduous plants?
Pores at the bottom of most plants
What is Stomata?
Type of dormancy where hormones prevent germination
What is chemical germination?
The 3 secondary growth processes that we discussed
What is transpiration, circulation, and dormancy?
Equation for photosynthesis
What is
carbon dioxide + water → sunlight → sugar + oxygen
OR (6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2)
Using vegetative plant parts and causing them to regenerate into a new plant
What is Asexual Propagation?
Advantage of asexual propagation
What is ....
less time to propagate
only way plants with sterile seeds can reproduce
maintain juvenile or adult features
propagate specialty plant forms
Term for one allele that masks the presence of another allele
What is dominant?
When the soil’s pore spaces are filled with water it is called...
What is Soil Saturation?
Term relating to fertilizers being released by water penetration, weathering, or microbial action over a long period of time
What is slowly soluble fertilizers?
Besides landscape plants what other type of plants are often herbaceous perennials?
What are vegetables?
Creates the bark on woody plants
What is the Phloem?
Cold temperatures or moisture can trigger germination which is called
What is stratification?
The cells that surround stomata to regulate evaporation are known as...
What is guard cells?
Female flower part required for sexual plant propagation
What is the Stigma?
Grafting joins two plants, the scion is the new top and the roots are called the...
What is Understock?
Define an allele
What is different form (versions or copies) of the same gene
The manner of particle arrangement in a soil defines its...
What is structure?
The four chemical forms of nitrogen fertilizer
What is...
Urea
nitrate
ammonia
ammonium
The period of growth that focuses on the stem and leaf
What is Vegetative Period?
Transport water and minerals in the plant
What is the Xylem?
What emerges that causes the root to develop
what is radicle?
A solvent (like water) moving through a semipermeable membrane into a high concentration solution to equalize both sides is called...
What is osmosis?
What is one of the three things the plant does to utilize sugar in other systems besides the roots
What is...
Sugar is moved around the plant and used for plant growth.
Sugar is sent to the branches of the plant for flower formation.
More sugar issent to the branches for fruit development.
Name at least three reasons that describe the drawbacks of sexual propagation discussed in the notes.
What is ...
require pollinators
seed rot from lack of stratification or scarification
empty seeds, do not germinate immediately
consumed by disease
boring insects, and wildlife
lack of transportation
Difference between layering and division as asexual reproduction methods?
What is...
Separation splits bulbs and corms away from the parent plant to produce new plants.
Division splits roots and a root crown of a plant into multiple plants.
group of plants within a species that are geographically isolated variants that develop unique traits due to their isolated location
What is sub-species?
All soils have the same physical properties and name all five.
What is ....
texture
organic matter
structure
pore space
water holding capacity
Soil amendments are materials added to soil to improve one of the four physical properties
What is ...
water retention
permeability
aeration
structure