Intro to Plant Structures
The set of structures that grow below the ground
What are roots?
The protective outer covering
What is the dermal layer?
Organ where photosynthesis takes place
leaves
systems consist of a mat of thin roots spread out below the soil surface
fibrous root
Promote cell elongation and apical dominance
What are Auxins?
The set of structures that grow above the ground
What are shoots?
Vessels that support the plant and transport water
Vascular
organelle where photosynthesis takes place
chloroplast
systems are characterized by one large vertical root with many smaller branches
Tap Root
Stimulate cell division particularly in embryos, roots, flowers, fruits, and axillary buds
Cytokinins
The process in which plants make their own energy using the sun
What is photosynthesis?
Tissue where photosynthesis takes place
What is ground tissue?
Most abundant cell type found mainly in ground tissue
What is Parenchyma?
Thin projections of epidermal cells that cover the surface of the root
What are Root Hairs?
Stimulate the growth of stems by promoting cell division and cell elongation
Gibberellins
What is water?
Tiny hair-like projections on some epidermal cells
What are trichomes?
Provides structure and support especially to growing parts of the plant
What is Collenchyma?
Tough covering that protects the root as it grows through the soil
What is the Root Cap?
Stimulates fruit ripening
What is ethylene?
Name one of the 4 plant requirements
What are minerals?
The two main types of vascular tissue
What are xylem and phloem?
Grow and die within a mature plant. Thick, lignin-rich cell walls provide a “skeleton” that supports the plant
What is Sclerenchyma?
surround each stoma and control its opening and closing, therefore regulating the movement of gases such as CO2 and water vapor.
What are guard cells?
Inhibits cell division to halt primary and secondary growth so plants can enter dormancy
Abscisic Acid