Organelles
chloroplast
Name the process that allows for cell division.
Mitosis
Describe the role of the seed coat.
Name the three categories of plant tissues.
Dermal, Ground, Vascular
Tall, land-based plants have both a ___________ & ____________.
primary & secondary cell wall
Name the region that controls primary & secondary growth.
Primary- apical meristems. Secondary - lateral meristems.
provide food/ nourishment for seed
Name a structure & function of the dermal tissue.
structures = epidermis & periderm. functions = protection, water loss prevention, support.
What three organelles are unique to plants?
Cell wall, permanent vacuole, chloroplast
Primary causes plants to grow taller/ longer. Secondary causes plants to grow wider.
Describe the difference btw the epicotyl, hypocotyl & radicle.
epicotyl - leaf & shoot beginnings. Hypocotyl- root beginnings. Radicle- absorbs water.
Name a structure & function of the vascular tissue.
structures = xylem, phloem. functions = transport water, minerals, nutrients, sugar
Contrast the structures and functions of the primary & secondary cell walls.
Primary = outermost, thin, flexible, pectin
Secondary = innermost, provides structure, ligin
List the four phases of mitosis (not the cell cycle) and explain what happens in each phase.
Prophase- centrioles, nucleus dissolves. Metaphase- chromosomes line up in middle. Anaphase- spindle fibers pull individual chromatids apart. Telophase-two nucleui have formed each surrounding set of dna, preparing to divide into 2 daughter cells.
What do all plants need to germinate?
water, oxygen & proper temp
Name a structure & function of ground tissue.
structures= parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma. functions = photosynthesis, food storage, support, protection
Name 2 carbohydrates that are present in both the primary & secondary cell walls.
cellulose & hemicellulose
Describe the stages of the cell cycle comes before & after mitosis.
Interphase- DNA replicates. Cytokinesis- cytoplasm separates, 2 daughter cells form.
List & describe the 5 steps of germination.
Scarification- tears coat. Imbibition- water uptake. Embryo awakens - Mitosis begins. Radicle emerges- roots begin. Shoot grows - upward growth.
Describe how the three types of plant tissues differ.
dermal = tissue that protects plant. ground = location of photosynthesis & storage of food/ water. Vascular = transports food & water.