If I could Fern Back Time
The closest relatives of land plants are?
Charophytes
The three basic organs of land plants are?
Roots, stems, and leaves
Leaves with a single vein are known as?
Microphylls
A group of cells consisting of one or more cell types that together perform a specialized function is known as?
A tissue
Sphagnum, or "peat moss", forms extensive deposits of partially decayed organic material known as?
Peat
This adaptation prevents exposed zygotes from drying out, enabling plants to move to land.
Sporopollenin
Cuticle
Angiosperms with one cotyledon are known as?
Monocots
These areas of rapidly dividing, undifferentiated cells allow a plant to elongate at the stems, tips of branches, and ends of roots.
Apical Meristems
Plants alternate between two multicellular stages in a reproductive cycle called?
Alternation of generations
These symbiotic associations between fungi and land plants may have helped plants to colonize land
Mycorrhizae
What is the function of the stomata?
CO2 and O2 exchange
The points at which leaves attach to a branch are called?
Nodes
These cells are grouped in strands and help support the young parts of the plant shoot without restraining the growth
Collenchyma
The "naked seed" plants are known as?
Gymnosperms
Fossil evidence indicates that plants were on land at least how many years ago?
470 million years ago
These roots, also known as branch roots, arise directly from the taproot.
Lateral roots
The three main parts of a leaf are?
Blade, petiole, and veins
These cells are "filler cells" that perform most metabolic functions in the plant
Parenchyma
The male reproductive structures for non-flowering plants are called ______ and produce ______.
Antheridia; sperm
The Four key traits that appear in nearly all land plants are?
1. Alternation of generations
2. Multicellular, dependent embryos
3. Walled spores produced in sporangia
4. Apical meristems
This corky outer layer of a plant stem consists of cork cambium, phelloderm, and the cork cells it produces.
Periderm
Leaves develop from this, which is located along the sides of the apical meristem.
Leaf primordia
The two types of Sclerenchyma cells are?
Sclereids and Fibers
Sclereids: Short and irregular with thick lignified secondary walls
Fibers: Long and slender, arranged in threads
Phloem transports what into the plant?
Sugars, amino acids, and other organic products