the outer protective cover of a seed that helps to keep the moisture inside of the seed so that it can survive a long period of time
name one characteristic of the roots on a plant
1. anchor the plant in the ground
2. absorb water
3. absorb other nutrients in the soil
define "zygote"
the event of a sperm and egg cell meeting
all plants are ______:
a) autotrophs
b) heterotrophs
a) autotrophs
define "stomata"
the structure in which oxygen leaves the plant and enters the air
define "stored food" (cotyledon) in the plant
a one or two leaf structure inside the seed which stores food so that the plant has nutrients for when it begins to grow
name one characteristic of the stem of a plant
1. supports the plant
2. carries materials to the plant
define "seed"
the protective covering that holds a new plant
what is produced from the process of photosynthesis?
oxygen
define "gynosperm"
a plant that produces seeds without a coat
define "photosynthesis"
the process powered by sunlight that uses carbon dioxide and water to produce oxygen and food
1. capture light energy from the sun to produce food and oxygen
2. allows gases to come into / be let out of the leaf
define "vascular tissue"
transports the minerals and other materials through the plant
what is the green pigment called inside the leaves of a plant?
chlorophyll
define "transpiration"
the process when leaves lose water
define "embryo"
an organism in its earliest stages of growth
define the fruit of a plant
the fruit is an ovary that has ripened and holds the seeds of the plant
define "xylem and phloem"
the two types of vascular tissues
name one characteristic of a plant
1. they live on land
2. they retain water
3. they are autotrophs
4. they are all eukaryotes
define "cuticle"
the waxy, waterproof layer that slows water evaporation
define "autotrophs"
a living thing that creates their own food
name one reproductive part of a flower
1. stamen, anther, filament
2. pistils, stigma, style, ovary
define the three parts of a seed
1. stored food
2. embryo
3. protective covering
where is chlorophyll located?
within the chloroplasts
define "zygote"
the fertilized egg inside the egg cell