Anatomy
The part of the flower that attracts pollinators
What is a petal?
When the plant grows it stem upwards and roots downwards
What is primary growth?
Functions of the roots
Anchor the plant, absorb water and minerals, store starch
The diploid (2n) cell that forms after fertilization
What is a zygote?
Three OPPORTUNITIES for plants on land
Less competition/predation, more CO2, more sunlight
Functions of the stem
Supports the plant, helps the plant grow taller, separates leaves from each other, transports water and nutrients between roots and leaves
Carries sugars and waters throughout the plant
What is the phloem?
The lower part of the pistil. Produces eggs in the ovule. Becomes plant's fruit.
What is an ovary?
The sporophyte of a flowering plant
What is the large, main body of the plant?
Land plants evolved from...
Aquatic green algae
Structure in the ovary. Contains an embryo sac. Develops into a seed after fertilization.
What is an ovule?
Secondary growth occurs at this thin layer of cells in the stem
What is the cambium?
Functions of the leaves
Photosynthesis, gas exchange
The male reproductive structure of a flower. Produces pollen. Consists of an anther and filament.
What is a stamen?
Obtain and store water, new reproductive strategies without water, better structural support
The part of a seed acts as “embryonic leaves” that sprout first, contain energy stores and may photosynthesize
What is a cotyledon?
The next two stages of cell development after cell division
The process by which water moves up the xylem
What is evapotranspiration?
The triploid (3n) food source that is fertilized by a sperm cell during pollination
What is the endosperm?
The first group of vascular land plants
What are ferns?
The part of a plant where primary growth occurs
What is an apical meristem?
Four uses for glucose after photosynthesis
Growth (making cellulose for cell walls), short-term energy (making ATP through cellular respiration), long-term energy storage (as starch in the roots), making other biomolecules (breaking down glucose and reusing components)
The location in a leaf where photosynthesis mainly occurs
What is the palisade mesophyll?
What are pollen and eggs?
Five benefits of seeds in reproduction
Water independence, new dispersal strategies, protection from harsh elements, long term dormancy until conditions are favorable, energy storage for developing zygote