Vocab
All the roots of a plant
root system
Chloroplasts
has the green pigment chlorophyll which gives plants a green color; where photosynthesis takes place
The 2 types of root systems
fibrous and herbaceous
Cork
outermost layer of bark
2 types of stems
herbaceous & woody
Annual rings
circles in a tree's trunk that shows a tree's age
Covers the outside of the leaf and prevents water loss through evaporation
cuticle
Fibrous roots
has clusters of roots about the same size
How are new cork cells constantly produced?
mitosis
Monocot
vascular bundles are evenly distributed
Vascular bundles found in a ring in the outer portion of the stem
dicot
Stomata
openings in the leaf's bottom side that allows gases to move in & out
Has a few thick main roots
taproot system
Characteristics of an annual ring during growing season
xylem cells grow quickly, thin cell walls, light-colored
Node
point at which flowers, leaves, and branches are produced
Taproot system
has one or few main roots that are thicker and longer than the other roots of the plant
Name one way sugar is used
1. Leaf's cells' own needs
2. Food for stem and roots
3. Converted into cellulose to build new structures
4. Converted into starch/oil and stored for later use
Smaller roots that branch out from main root(s)
lateral roots
What causes the rough texture of bark?
as a tree grows larger,the dead cork cells and phloem cells on the outside do not expand. instead, they are pushed apart
Can support a lot of weight
woody stem
Cork cambium
a layer of living cells just under the dead cork, constantly divides by mitosis, producing new cork cells
Difference between Xylem and Phloem
Xylem - moves water and nutrients into the leaf
Phloem - moves finished sugar out of the leaf
What do tiny root hairs do?
increase the roots' surface area and aid absorption
Bark
as the herbaceous stems of a young woody plant grows, the vascular bundles join together to form a ring of phloem outside a ring of xylem
In ______ stems, vascular tissues cluster together in _________.
herbaceous, vascular bundles