Adaptations
What is the purpose of a cuticle in plants?
The cuticle helps retain water in plants.
What is the sporophyte stage in a plant’s life cycle?
Answer: It is the diploid stage that produces spores.
What are the two organ systems in vascular plants?
Answer: The root system and the shoot system.
What hormone stimulates plant growth and flowering?
Answer: Gibberellin.
What is the process by which plants create their own food?
Answer: Photosynthesis.
What type of tissue helps plants store oxygen for respiration?
Answer: Aerenchyma tissue.
How do nonvascular plants reproduce?
Answer: They rely on water to carry pollen or spores for fertilization.
What is the role of xylem in vascular plants?
Answer: Xylem transports water from the roots to the shoots.
What hormone causes fruits to ripen?
Answer: Ethylene.
What key nutrients do plants need for photosynthesis?
Answer: CO2, H2O, O2, and sunlight.
What are pneumatophores and what purpose do they serve?
Answer: Pneumatophores are root extensions that grow into the air to allow oxygen to diffuse to the roots.
What type of plants are angiosperms?
Answer: Flowering plants that have seeds enclosed in an ovary.
What tissue is responsible for protecting plants and preventing water loss?
Answer: Dermal tissue.
What is the function of cytokinin in plants?
Answer: Cytokinin promotes cell division in roots and shoots.
What role do chloroplasts play in photosynthesis?
Answer: Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and are where photosynthesis occurs.
How do some plants avoid drought?
Answer: Some plants go dormant, completing their life cycle only when rainfall is present.
What do gymnosperms use for reproduction?
Answer: They reproduce using cones.
What are the three types of tissues found in vascular plant structures?
Answer: Dermal, vascular, and ground tissues.
What is auxin and how does it affect plant growth?
Answer: Auxin regulates growth and elongation of cells and is involved in tropisms.
Why is it important for plants to have stomata?
Answer: Stomata regulate gas exchange and water loss.
Name one adaptation that allows plants to survive in consistently dry conditions.
Answer: Either an extensive fibrous root system or a deep taproot system, other ideas acceptable.
What is the significance of pollination strategies in angiosperms?
Answer: They attract organisms to spread pollen for fertilization.
What is the primary function of leaves in plants?
Answer: To collect sunlight for photosynthesis and facilitate gas exchange through stomata.
Define phototropism.
Answer: Phototropism is the growth of plants in response to the direction of sunlight.
What is the significance of vascular tissue in plants related to photosynthesis?
Answer: Vascular tissue allows for the efficient transport of water and nutrients necessary for photosynthesis.