The Media as a Political Institution
Complete the sentence: In democratic regimes, the media influences [blank] to fall in line with [blank] (Dunaway & Graber Ch 1).
In democratic regimes, the media influences the government to fall in line with the people (Dunaway & Graber Ch 1).
What form of advertising contributed immense revenue to newspapers, and after its decline led to the destruction of the business model of newspapers? (also: Where can you find them?)
Classified ads (often on the back).
What organization traditionally made decisions about who got to cover the president for a specific event or day?
The White House Correspondence Association
Dr. Freedman compared the cost of [blank] and [blank] to encourage students to do [blank]?
Dr. Freedman compared the cost of coffee and media subscriptions to encourage students to do read the news.
Swenson and Schmidt (2009) argue that "as long as newspapers remain for-profit enterprises, they will find no refuge from their financial problems." What solution do the authors propose?
Turn media into nonprofit, endowed institutions like museums and universities.
Name the author: "[the people] require a journal to bring to them every day, in the midst of their own minor concerns, some intelligence of the state of their public weal."
Alexis de Tocqueville
What is Ladd (2012) referring to in this quote: "a business model based significantly on advertising revenue freed them from government subsidies. Their coverage was, 'relatively speaking, indifferent to political events' (Schudson 1978, 21), instead emphasizing human interest and local crime stories on the front pages (West 2001, 20)."
The penny press.
What was Michelle concerned about regarding catering gate?
How the growing distance between the Trump administration and the media would influence their oversight role and its implications on accountability.
Complete the sentence: The penny papers placed an emphasis on [blank] events in order to appeal to a broader audience.
Complete the sentence: The penny papers placed an emphasis on objective events in order to appeal to a broader audience.
What does Bollinger (2010) argue that the United States should create, and for what reason?
The U.S. needs a version of the BBC to provide news that is not constrained by corporate interests.
According to Kovach and Rosenstiel (2014), the first obligation of journalism is to...
The truth!
According to Hayes and Lawless (2021), what is a “news hole”?
The amount of space for editorial content once advertising has been placed.
Describe the tenets of the honeymoon period between the media and the president (Dunaway and Graber Chapter 5)?
"A time of cooperation when the media convey the president’s messages about organization of the new administration, appointments of new officials, and plans and proposals for new policies."
According to Schudson (1978), what form of media became the driver of advertising?
The penny papers
What American Agency has these goals: To provide accurate news and information to international audiences and promote understanding of U.S. policies.
U.S. Agency for Global Media (USAGM)
Name the four principals of ethical journalism, according to the Society of Professional Journalism (2014).
1. Seek truth and report it
2. Minimize harm
3. Act independently
4. Be accountable and transparent
While previous existing research on the decline of local news focused on (1) either the overall volume of local politics coverage, or (2) the ratio of local to national coverage, Hayes and Lawless (2021) instead focus primarily on:
Whether coverage of local government issues declined disproportionately relative to other newspaper content.
Dunaway and Graber describe phases of the "press-presidency" relationships, such as the honeymoon period at the beginning of each presidency. Which phase specifically contributes to what they title as a "rocky" relationship?
Adversarial Period
How did the penny papers contribute to democracy?
They expressed and built the culture of democratic market society and appealed to a broader audience.
Which private, nonprofit corporation funded by Congress provides millions of dollars to support public broadcasting in the United States?
Corporation for Public Broadcasting
Name the four permeable membranes of the media.
1. News vs. Entertainment
2. News vs. Opinion
3. News vs. Advertising
4. New Media (Social Media) vs. Old/Traditional Media (Newspapers, TV, Radio)
Fill in the blank from Ladd (2012): "The [blank] changed the relationship between political elites and newspapers...where previously newspapers avoided domestic politics to dodge the various forms of repression print media were traditionally subjected to, now they became effective tools of the independence movement."
The American Revolution
Presidents can shape the news indirectly through appointments to what public agency?
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
According to Dunaway and Graber (Chapter 2), what is the difference between public and private media?
1. Public media ownership: referring to media owned wholly or in part by the government.
2. Private media ownership: referring to media owned by individuals or businesses and operating for profit.
According to McChesney (1999), what is horizontal and vertical integration in media?
Horizontal: "...a handful of firms tried to control as much production in particular fields as possible."
Vertical: "...not only producing content, but also owning distribution"