Structure
The main component of the plasma membrane
What are phospholipids?
Not "equilibrium," but the proper balance of molecules inside and out
What is homeostasis?
The process by which vesicles are "pinched" off from the membrane to bring things back into the cell
What is endocytosis?
(phagocytosis or pinocytosis)
Water diffuses through aquaporin
what is passive
Because they grow in hot climates, palm trees use more of these
These are proteins that are near the membrane
This is a membrane allows some things to enter and leave, but restricts the movement of others
What is a semipermeable membrane?
Connections with this helps keep cells of multicellular organisms in place
What is the extracellular matrix? (or ECM)
A protein shuttles ions into the cell from where the ion concentration is high, and releases it inside the cell where the concentration is lower
what is passive?
These can always diffuse down gradient through a membrane, even without a transport protein
What are gases?
These proteins span the membrane
What are integral membrane proteins?
OR
"Transmembrane"
Allows molecules to move "down gradient" through the membrane
What is passive transport?
What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?
The sodium/potassium ATPase creates a gradient of higher K+ inside the cell
what is active?
The thing (like a hormone, neurotransmitter or signal molecule) that binds to a receptor
Added in the Golgi apparatus, these are covalently attached to proteins and lipids that appear on the OUTSIDE of the membrane
What are carbohydrates or sugars?
What is cholesterol?
The process by which proteins, hormones or other components are secreted out of the cell.
What is exocytosis>
A protein carries sucrose is carried into the cell up gradient while Na+ ions diffuse into the cell.
What is active?
Phospholipids diffuse side-to-side on one face of the bilayer, but rarely do this
What is "flip" from one face to the other?
A model proposing that there are multiple components of a membrane that can move around
What is the fluid mosaic model?
Uses energy to allow molecules to move "up gradient"
What is active transport?
what is cell-cell recognition or signal transduction?
A transport protein does its job only if the pH outside the cell is slightly lower than that inside.
What is active?
What is the cytoskeleton (actin, mostly)?