heat up the earth
Evidence about Earth’s interior composition is found using _______.
seismic waves
According to Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift, _______.
a.Earth’s surface is made up of seven major landmasses.
b.the continents do not move.
c.Earth is slowly cooling and shrinking.
d.the continents were once joined together in a single landmass.
the continents were once joined together in a single landmass
How did scientists discover that rocks farther away from the mid-ocean ridge were older than those near it?
a.by observing eruptions of molten material on the sea floor
b.by using sonar
c.by the age of rock samples drilled from the sea floor
d.by how fast seafloor spreading occurs
by determining the age of rock samples obtained by drilling on the sea floor
. A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a _______.
a.transform boundary.
b.divergent boundary.
c.convergent boundary.
d.rift valley.
transform boundary
A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary produces a _______.
a.mid-ocean ridge.
b.deep-ocean trench.
c.rift valley.
d.mountain range.
mountain range
Geologists obtain indirect evidence about Earth’s interior by _______.
a.measuring pressure differences at Earth’s surface.
b.estimating temperature inside earth.
c.directly looking under the many layers.
d.recording and studying seismic waves.
recording and studying seismic waves
What is Pangaea?
the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago
What did scientists notice when they observed the mid-ocean ridge?
a.a convergent boundary
b.pillow-shaped rocks formed by the rapid hardening of molten material
c.the movement of Earth’s plates
d.convection currents in the ocean
pillow-shaped rocks formed by the rapid hardening of molten material
A rift valley forms at a _______.
a.convergent plate boundary
b.divergent plate boundary.
c.transform boundary.
d.deep-ocean trench.
divergent plate boundary
The place where two plates come together is known as a _______.
a.transform boundary.
b.divergent boundary.
c.convergent boundary.
d.rift valley.
convergent boundary
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?
a.crust, outer core, inner core, mantle
b.mantle, outer core, inner core, crust
c.crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
d.outer core, inner core, crust, mantle
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
Which type of evidence was NOT used by Alfred Wegener to support his continental drift hypothesis?
a.evidence from landforms
b.evidence from fossils
c.evidence from human remains
d.evidence from climate
evidence from human remains
The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle is known as _______.
a.convection.
b.continental drift.
c.subduction.
d.conduction.
subduction
. Using data from seismic waves, geologists have learned that Earth’s interior is made up of several _______.
a.continents.
b.ridges.
c.layers.
d.trenches.
layers
Draw this:
When two plates move next to each other in opposite directions
transform boundary
Earth’s inner core is _______.
a.a dense ball of solid metal.
b.a layer of molten metal.
c.a layer of hot rock.
d.a layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin.
a dense ball of solid metal
Why did most geologists rejected Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental drift?
Wegener could not identify a force that could move the continents
Most geologists think that the movement of Earth’s plates is caused by _______.
a.conduction.
b.earthquakes.
c.convection currents in the mantle.
d.Earth’s magnetic field.
convection currents in the mantle
Earth’s magnetic field results from movements in the _______.
a.mantle.
b.crust.
c.inner core.
d.outer core
outer core
Draw this - A sea floor speading with rising magma
Which is hotter, then rock next to the magma plume or the rock further away from the magma plume?
the rock closest to the plume is the hottest
Heat transfer within a fluid takes place by _______.
a.convection currents.
b.radiation.
c.conduction.
d.density.
convection currents
. The geological theory of _______states that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant, slow motion.
a.subduction
b.plate tectonics
c.deep-ocean trenches
d.seafloor spreading
plate tectonics
. Scientists think that convection currents flow in Earth’s _______.
a.continents.
b.mantle.
c.lithosphere.
d.inner core.
mantle
Draw this
Subduction zone
what part is going under the continental crust?
the ocean crust