Earthquakes
Tsunamis
What dangerous wave can earthquakes cause?
a volcano where an eruption has not occurred in a long time
What is a dormant volcano?
The process by which rocks change shape when under stress
What is deformation?
The lithosphere
What is the first physical layer of Earth?
Mid-ocean ridges
Where does new crust form?
Where do the earthquakes that form tsunamis occur?
The most explosive volcano
Rock layers bent under stress
What is folding?
The crust
What is the first compositional layer?
Older closer to trenches
Is rock older or younger closer to deep ocean trenches?
Faults or tectonic plate boundaries
Where do earthquakes often occur?
The resistance of a liquid material to flow
What is viscosity?
The crack that form when large blocks of rock break and move past each other
What are faults?
The outer core
Which part of the core is liquid?
Rock on the ocean floor constantly fall into deep ocean trenches
Why is the oldest rock on continents older than the oldest rock on the ocean floor?
As seismic waves
How is the energy from earthquakes released?
Hot ash and bits of rock
What are pyroclastic materials?
What are reverse faults?
The oceanic crust
Which crust is denser?
Pulls plates apart
What does the movement of sea floor spreading do?
Directly above the focus on the Earth's surface
Where is the epicenter?
A thick, flattened layer of cooled lava
What is a lava plateau?
Shear stress
What kind of stress forms strike-slip faults?
What layer do tectonic plates move on top of?
Underwater mountain ridges
What are mid ocean ridges?