Plate Tectonics
Type of boundary where two plates separate and create a two ridges with a rift in the middle
What is a divergent boundary?
The release of energy caused by rocks breaking and snapping back into place
What is an earthquake?
The area where stratovolcanoes (composite volcanoes) occur
What is a subduction zone?
Rocks created by heat and pressure
These are used by geologists to help determine the age of a rock layer
What are index fossils?
Broken pieces of the lithosphere and upper mantle that float on the asthenosphere
What is a tectonic plate?
It measures the strength or intensity of an earthquake
What are shield volcanoes?
These three small types of sediment are most likely to be found at the mouth of a river
What are sand, silt, and clay?
Determines when eras and periods begin and end
What is major changes in biodiversity?
Two plates moving towards each other and colliding
What is a convergent boundary?
A crack in a tectonic plate
What is a fault?
The boundaries most likely to produce volcanoes
What are divergent and convergent?
A rock formed from magma under the surface that has large crystals
What is intrusive igneous rock?
The longest span of time that we know the least about
What is Precambrian?
Type of boundary where most earthquakes occur
What is a transform boundary?
The most destructive wave
The two things that make volcanoes more violent
What are the amount of water vapor and silica?
The processes that form sedimentary rocks
What are compaction and cementation?
The heating and cooling action in the mantle that causes plates to move
What is a convection current?
What is a primary wave?
These are responsible for the volcanic activity that created the Hawaiian Islands
A rock that forms above ground and has small or no crystals
What is an extrusive igneous rock?