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Vocabulary
Layers of the Earth
Continental Drift
Plate Boundaries
Geology Rocks
100
Earth's crust (or lithosphere) is broken into uneven pieces called these.
Tectonic Plates
100
This is the smallest layer, only 5 to 50 km thick.
Crust
100
The continental drift theory began because Alfred Wegener noticed that continents seem to fit together like......
Puzzle Pieces
100
What is the name of the theory that states the earth's crust is made of large plates moving over the mantle.
Plate tectonics
100
An ancient organism that has been preserved in rock.
Fossil
200
What are the three types of heat transfer?
Convection, Conduction, and Radiation
200
This is the largest layer of the earth and sits below the crust.
Mantle
200
Alfred Wegener's theory is called what?
Continental Drift
200
Type of boundary where two plates collide.
Convergent Boundary
200
Name the type of rock that forms from magma or lava?
Igneous
300
These are formed when 2 continental plates collide.
Mountain Ranges / Volcanoes
300
This layer of the earth is molten-liquid iron and nickel.
Outer Core
300
What did Alfred Wegener notice about fossils on different continents?
That they lived in the same area when the continents were all together.
300
Type of boundary where two plates slide past each other.
Transform Boundary
300
This type of rock forms when layers of sediment are deposited over time. Sandstone is an example of this type of rock.
Sedimentary
400
DAILY DOUBLE (Worth = 1000) NO PENALTY FOR INCORRECT ANSWERS This is, a convergent plate boundary, where the oceanic crust is colliding with the continental crust.
Subduction Zone
400
This layer is made up of solid nickel and iron.
Inner Core
400
What observation did Alfred Wegener notice about mountain ranges on continents that used to be together?
Mountain ranges lined up (continued on) on each continent.
400
What causes the plates to move?
Convection currents in the mantle.
400
This type of rock is formed from intense heat and pressure. Marble is an example.
Metamorphic
500
An underwater mountain chain, formed by a divergent plate boundary, where the youngest rocks on the ocean floor are located.
Mid-Ocean Ridge
500
DAILY DOUBLE (Worth = 1000) NO PENALTY FOR INCORRECT ANSWERS What are the do the scientific words lithosphere and aesthenosphere mean in Greek? Which layer is the lithosphere? Which layer is the aesthenosphere?
Litho = stone Sphere = circle The lithosphere means the rock circle and consists of the crust and upper mantle of the earth. Aestheno = weak Sphere = circle The aesthenosphere means the weak circle and lies below the lithosphere. It has extreme heat and pressure and flows like a liquid.
500
What was the name of the continent when they were all together?
Pangaea
500
Type of boundary that causes Rift Valleys and Mid-Ocean Ridges.
Divergent Boundary
500
The alignment of iron minerals in rocks when they formed, reflects that this has reversed itself many times in the past?
Earth's Magnetic Field