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Volcanoes
Layers of the Earth
Continental Drift
Plate Boundaries
Earthquakes
100
When a volcano collapses into itself at its top, it forms a...
Crater
100
What are the similarities and differences of Earth's inner and outer core?
Inner Core = Solid Nickel and Iron Outer Core = Liquid Nickel and Iron
100
An underwater mountain chain, formed by a divergent plate boundary, where the youngest rocks on the ocean floor are located.
Mid-Ocean Ridge
100
This type of plate boundary is when two plates rub against each either.
Transform Boundary
100
A seismograph does this.
What is records seismic waves?
200
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is underground, and lava is on the surface.
200
This is the largest layer of the earth and sits below the crust.
Mantle
200
This is a break in the crust where slabs slip past each other?
What is a fault?
200
Type of boundary where two plates collide.
Convergent Boundary
200
This is the area underground where the seismic waves of an earthquake originate.
What is the focus?
300
This is where magma has melted through the crust in the middle of a plate, not at a plate boundary.
What is a hotspot?
300
This is the smallest layer, only 5 to 50 km thick.
Crust
300
The constant motion of tectonic plates lead to.... (name 2 things)
Earthquakes, Mountains, Volcanoes, Continents changing position.
300
DAILY DOUBLE (Worth = 1000) NO PENALTY FOR INCORRECT ANSWERS This is, a convergent plate boundary, where the oceanic crust is colliding with the continental crust. What would you expect to find there?
Subduction Zone We would expect to find volcanoes forming on the continental crust.
300
The higher the magnitude of an earthquake, the higher the _______________ caused.
What is damage?
400
DAILY DOUBLE (Worth = 1000) NO PENALTY FOR INCORRECT ANSWERS This is, a convergent plate boundary, where the oceanic crust is colliding with the continental crust.
Subduction Zone
400
The alignment of iron minerals in rocks when they formed, reflects that this has reversed itself many times in the past?
Earth's Magnetic Field
400
What three things did Alfred Wegener notice about the continents?
They fit together like puzzle pieces. The same fossils where found on different continents. The mountain ranges lined up (continued on) on each continent.
400
What causes the plates to move?
Convection currents in the mantle.
400
What is the difference between an earthquakes focus and epicenter?
The focus is where the earthquake happens in the Earth, it has depth. The epicenter is where the earthquake would have occurred on the surface.
500
Name one of two places where a volcano is most likely to form.
One place volcanoes are most likely to form are, convergent boundaries, where plates are moving towards each other. Another place is at divergent plate boundaries, like mid-ocean ridges and rift valleys, where the ocean plates are moving away from each other.
500
DAILY DOUBLE (Worth = 1000) NO PENALTY FOR INCORRECT ANSWERS What are the do the scientific words lithosphere and aesthenosphere mean in Greek? Which layer is the lithosphere? Which layer is the aesthenosphere?
Litho = stone Sphere = circle The lithosphere means the rock circle and consists of the crust and upper mantle of the earth. Aestheno = weak Sphere = circle The aesthenosphere means the weak circle and lies below the lithosphere. It has extreme heat and pressure and flows like a liquid.
500
What was the name of the continent when they were all together? How many millions of years ago did it form?
Pangaea was formed 300-175 mya.
500
Type of boundary that causes Rift Valleys and Mid-Ocean Ridges.
Divergent Boundary
500
Name and describe the three types of seismic waves.
P-Waves = fastest waves, longitudinal/compressional waves, moves through liquids S-Waves = second fastest, transverse waves, cannot move through liquids Surface Waves = slowest waves, transverse waves, cause the most damage