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Continental Drift
Vulcanism
Convection
Plate Interactions
Earth's Layers
100
How the coastlines of South American and Africa provide evidence for the theory of continental drift.
What are matching coastlines?
100
Geological features that release magma (as lava) and build Earth's crust.
What are volcanoes?
100
The form of heat transfer that occurs when heated material rises, spreads and cools, and cooling material sinks in a circular motion.
What is convection?
100
The term that describes plates that are spreading apart.
What is divergence?
100
The outermost layer. Like an egg shell, this is a thin solid layer that is broken into pieces that move.
What is the crust?
200
Evidence that the continents were once connected.
What are matching coastlines in South America and Africa, correlated rock formations on Western and Eastern Continents, correlated fossil records.
200
How fault lines (cracks between Earth's tectonic plates) create volcanoes.
What is cracks in the crust allow magma to rise to the surface?
200
The plate motion that occurs where heated material from the Earth's mantle is rising.
What is plate spreading/divergence?
200
The type of plate boundary that tend to produce volcanoes and earthquakes.
What are all plate boundaries?
200
This layer of the Earth is composed of solid iron and nickel. It is solid despite being well above the melting point for these metals.
What is the core?
300
What collisions between converging plates produce.
What are earthquakes?
300
The type of plate motion that produced the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a 4,000 mile system of underwater volcanoes.
What is divergence/spreading?
300
The plate motion that occurs where cooling material sinks beneath the Earth's continental plates.
What is subduction?
300
The term given to the area surrounding the Pacific Plate where this plate is subducted beneath the surrounding continental plates and creates many volcanoes and tectonic activity.
What is the "Ring of Fire."
300
Convection currents in this layer of the Earth cause the movement of Earth's crustal plates. Towards the center of the Earth, this layer is composed of liquid rock, closer to the surface of the Earth, this rock is in a plastic state of matter- a very dense liquid.
What is the mantle?
400
The plate interaction that occurs when plates move together/collide.
What is convergence?
400
The type of plate motion that produces coastal volcanoes such as the Cascade Mountains.
What is subduction?
400
The source of thermal energy (heat) in the Earth's convection cycle.
What is the core?
400
The type of plate interaction that tends to produce mountain ranges.
What is convergence?
400
This term describes a layer of the Earth where the mantle and the crust interact. It's plastic state of matter allows crustal plates to move.
What is the lithosphere?
500
The theory that Earth's crust is composed of at least 7 plates that are in constant motion.
What is plate tectonics?
500
The geological features that tend to be produced at divergent plate boundaries.
What are rift valleys, volcanoes, and oceans.
500
The reason that heated matter rises and cooling matter sinks.
What are differences in density?
500
The geological features that are produced at the exact location where an oceanic plate is subducted beneath a continental plate.
What is a trench?
500
Rocks found near a volcanic hotspot contain a lot of iron. What inference could a scientist make based on this observation?
(Answers vary) Mantle plumes, areas where material rises from near the core through the mantle in a convection current, bring iron from the core into the magma of the mantle where it was erupted onto the surface of Earth's crust.