Earth's Interior
Convection Currents
Drifting Continents
Sea-Floor Spreading
Theory of Plate Tectonics
100
What is the thin, rocky outer layer of the Earth?
Crust
100
Where does heat come from inside the Earth?
The core
100
What scientist came up with the hypothesis of continental drift?
Wegener
100
What did scientists use to map the sea floor in the 1950s?
Sonar
100
What natural event happens often at transform boundaries?
Earthquakes
200
What layer of the Earth makes up the majority of Earth's mass?
Mantle
200
How is heat transferred with conduction?
Direct contact
200
What is the theory of continental drift?
The continents move slowly around the surface of the Earth
200
What type of boundary causes sea-floor spreading?
Divergent
200
What is formed when a continental plate meets another continental plate?
Mountains
300
What are the two parts of the core?
Inner and Outer
300
Give an example of heat being transferred with radiation.
Sunlight, Fire, any example of not touching the heat source
300
Describe Pangaea.
The ancient landmass that included all continents
300
What type of evidence do we have for sea-floor spreading?
Molten material, magnetic stripes, drilling samples
300
How fast do the plates move?
2.5 cm a year, as fast as fingernails grow
400
Where does Earth's magnetic field come from?
Currents in the outer core
400
What is a convection current?
Movement within a fluid due to temperature differences
400
What evidence for continental drift do we get from fossils?
Fossils of the same plants or animals found on separate continents
400
What is subduction?
The process of one plate moving under another.
400
What is a scientific theory?
A well tested concept that explains facts
500
What are the two types of crust and what rock is each mostly made of?
Oceanic is made of basalt
Continental is made of granite
500
How do the tectonic plates move?
Convection currents in the mantle
500
What evidence of continental drift do we get from landforms?
Mountain ranges continuing across separate continents
500
What is the mid-ocean ridge?
The longest mountain chain in the world found at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean, created at a divergent boundary.
500
When two plates meet, what determines which one will come out on top?
The density of the plate