Vocabulary
The thinnest layer of the Earth
What is the crust
There are ______________ main layers of the Earth.
What is four
What is a divergent boundary
A boundary that moves apart
Earthquakes and Volcanoes are usually located in relation to these
What is a plate boundary
The Himalayan mountains are the result of a ___________________________ boundary.
What is convergent boundary
A number of rigid, but moving, pieces of Earth's surface
What is tectonic plates.
The thickest layer of the Earth
What is the mantle.
What is a transform boundary?
The mid-ocean ridge is an example of a ____________________ boundary and ___________________ occurs here where new ocean floor is formed.
What is divergent boundary; sea-floor spreading
Hot air or liquid is less ________________ than cool air or liquide
What is dense
The theory that all continents are fragments of Pangaea now drifting apart
What is the Continental Drift Theory
Plates float on top of the _______________________.
What is the asthenosphere
What is a convergent boundary?
A boundary that collides into each other
Name four of the major plates
What is any of the following North American plate, South American plate, Eurasian Plate, Indoaustralia plate, African plate, Antarctica plate
_________________ are a result from the build up of stress at a plate boundary.
What is earthquakes
States that youngest rocks of ocean floor are at diverging boundaries, moving outward
What is seafloor spreading
The rigid part of the Earth including the crust and the upper mantle (makes up the plates of the Earth)
What is the lithosphere
What does a convergent boundary make?
a. Continent- Continent
B. Ocean- Continent
C. Ocean- Ocean
a. Mountains
b. Volcanoes
c. Deep Ocean Trenches
This is the mechanism (what causes) the plates to move
What is convection cycles in the mantle
The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a ____________________ boundary.
What is a transform boundary
Although the hottest layer of the Earth, this layer is solid metal
What is the inner core
The Earth's crust is thinnest under the _____________________ and thickest under the _____________________.
What is thinnest under the ocean and thickest under the continents.
The Hawaiian Islands were formed in this geological hotspot because:
a. tectonic plates shifted over time, allowing lava to reach Earth's surface and produce volcanoes.
b. a subduction plate boundary, known for frequent volcanic activity, provided the magma needed to form new crust material.
c. a divergent plate boundary, known for frequent volcanic activity, provided the magma needed to form new crust material.
d. tectonic plates shifted over time, creating ocean basins that lava filled until it created volcanoes.
A. tectonic plates shifted over time, allowing lava to reach Earth's surface and produce volcanoes.
The two types of convergent boundaries
What is subduction (where volcanoes often occur) and collision (where mountains are usually formed)
What is the Ring of Fire?
Area of Volcanoes