Vocabulary
Transform boundary
Plates slide past each other
Layer of Earth that is the hottest & under most pressure
What is the inner core?
A supercontinent that existed 350-200 mya and included all current all masses
What is Pangea?
Earthquakes and Volcanoes occur more frequently in these locations.
What is a plate boundary (where the plates come together)?
These are a result from the build up of stress/energy at a plate boundary or fault.
What is an earthquake?
Divergent boundary
Plates spread/move away from one another
Thickest layer of the Earth that can be divided into two sections
What is the mantle (Upper & Lower)?
Wegener studied these and discovered similar rock layers matched up in different parts of the world supporting his theory.
What are mountains/mountain ranges?
New crust is created at _______ boundaries and crust is destroyed at _______ boundaries.
What is divergent; convergent?
Himalayan Mountains are a result of this type of boundary (Must be specific!)
What is convergent folding? (continent-continent)
The Andes Mountains run along the Western Coast of South America and were formed as a result of this interaction between the Nazca plate & the South American plate.
Convergent Subduction boundary (Continent - Ocean)
The Earth's crust is thinnest under the _________ and thickest under the _________.
What are the oceans and the continents?
Evidence of tropical plants were found on this continent but could not support such life now.
What is Antarctica?
The North American Plate and the Eurasian Plate are slowly moving away from each other. This feature is created along the ocean floor and these 2 geologic processes occur here (3 answers required).
What is a mid-ocean ridge (Mid-Atlantic ridge); Earthquakes & volcanoes/volcanic mt. range?
Studying these helped scientists figure out what the inside of the Earth was made of.
What are seismic waves?
When two plates collide, a denser plate will slide underneath a less dense plate and eventually be destroyed in the Mantle.
What is Subduction?
The part of the Earth including the crust and the upper mantle (makes up the plates of the Earth).
What is the lithosphere?
Evidence of similar coastlines and identical animal fossils were found on these two separate continents supporting Wegener's theory.
What is South America and Africa?
This is the mechanism that scientists believe causes the tectonic plates to move.
What is convection currents in the mantle?
Iceland sits on the border of two plates at a Mid-ocean Ridge. Lava pushes up between the plates and hardens into new crust. Movements of these are accompanied by earthquakes, reactivation of old volcanoes, and creation of new ones. What does this describe?
What is a Divergent boundary?
Volcanoes can form at these two different types of boundaries (Must Be Specific!)
What are Convergent Subduction (O-O & O-C) and Divergent boundaries?
This is the reason why the Earth separated into layers. Some materials settled in the center whereas others rose to the top.
What is density?
Wegener's Continental Drift Theory was originally not accepted because at the time he could not explain this.
What is HOW the continents moved?
Name the 3 types of Convergent boundaries (Must Be specific & Name them all!)
Continent-Continent (Folding)
Continent-Ocean (Subduction)
Ocean-Ocean (Subduction)
This explains the formation of oceanic crust as material rises between plates and states that the youngest rocks on the ocean floor are pushing older crust outward at Divergent boundaries.
What is sea-floor spreading?