Vocabulary
The thinnest layer of the Earth
The crust
There are ______________ main layers of the Earth.
4
Who created the Continental Drift Theory?
Alfred Wegener
Earthquakes and Volcanoes are usually located in relation to these
Plate boundary
The Himalayan mountains are the result of a ___________________________ boundary.
Convergent boundary
A number of rigid, but moving, pieces of Earth's surface
Tectonic plates.
The thickest layer of the Earth
Mantle.
Evidence of matching animal fossils from two separate continents _____________________ and _____________________
Africa and South America
The mid-ocean ridge is an example of a ____________________ boundary and ___________________ occurs here where new ocean floor is formed.
Divergent boundary; sea-floor spreading
Hot air or liquid is less ________________ than cool air or liquide
Dense
The theory that all continents are fragments of Pangaea now drifting apart
The Continental Drift Theory
Plates float on top of the _______________________.
Mantle
Evidence of tropical plants were found on this continent
Antarctica
Name four of the major plates
Any of the following North American plate, South American plate, Eurasian Plate, Indoaustralia plate, African plate, Antarctica plate
_________________ are a result from the build up of stress at a plate boundary.
Earthquakes
The youngest rocks of ocean floor are at diverging boundaries, moving outward
Seafloor spreading
The rigid part of the Earth including the crust and the upper mantle (makes up the plates of the Earth)
Lithosphere
Pangaea existed this many millions of years ago
Around 250 million years ago
This is the mechanism (what causes) the plates to move
Convection cycles in the mantle
The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a ____________________ boundary.
Transform boundary
Although the hottest layer of the Earth, this layer is solid metal
Inner core
The Earth's crust is thinnest under the _____________________ and thickest under the _____________________.
Thinnest under the ocean and thickest under the continents.
Continental Drift Theory was not accepted because it did not explain this
How the continents moved
The two types of convergent boundaries
Subduction (where volcanoes often occur) and collision (where mountains are usually formed)
This person used sonar to map the bottom of the ocean and discovered the mid-ocean ridge in the Atlantic Ocean.
Harry Hess!