Crusty Collisions!
A scientific theory that explains how major landforms are created as a result of Earth’s subterranean movements.
Plate Tectonics Theory
Name the three compositional layers of the Earth, ordered from the innermost to the outermost.
core-mantle-crust
The name of the massive supercontinent that Alfred Wegener proposed existed over 200 million years ago, incorporating nearly all of Earth's landmasses.
PANGEA
In relation to what geographical phenomena are earthquakes and volcanoes typically found?
Plate boundaries
The process of heat transfer where warmer, less dense fluids rise and cooler, denser fluids sink, creating a cycle or current
Convection Current
Large slabs of rock that divide Earth's crust move constantly to reshape the Earth's landscape.
Tectonic Plates, Lithospheric Plate
This layer of the Earth is believed to be a liquid alloy of iron and nickel, and its movement generates the planet's magnetic field.
outer core
What critical component was missing from Wegener's continental drift theory that caused its rejection in the 1920s?
Earth's Mechanism
The term for the underwater mountain ranges, like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, where new oceanic crust is generated.
Mid-ocean ridge
A geophysical mechanism whereby the cooling and subsequent densifying of a subducting tectonic plate produce a downward force along the rest of the plate.
slab pull
Who is the Father of Plate Tectonics?
Alfred Wegener
Considering the mantle is the Earth's thickest layer and makes up about 84% of its volume, what percentage of the planet's total mass does it account for?
67%
What was the title of Alfred Wegener's groundbreaking 1915 publication that compiled various lines of evidence supporting his theory of continental drift?
The Origin of Continents and Oceans
Name ATLEAST 3 of the major plates
North American plate, South American plate, Eurasian Plate, Indoaustralia plate, African plate, Antarctica plate
A geological process where tectonic plates move apart at mid-ocean ridges, causing magma to rise and solidify, creating new oceanic crust
Seafloor spreading
A seismic station, located 3,000 km from an earthquake's epicenter, recorded the arrival of the first P-wave at 5 minutes 40 seconds and the first S-wave at 10 minutes. What is the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave and the S-wave?
4 MINUTES AND 20 SECONDS
This layer of the Earth is believed to be a solid alloy of iron and nickel.
inner core
Approximately how many millions of years ago did the supercontinent Pangaea exist?
250 million years ago
The type of plate boundary between Eurasian Plate and Philippine Plate.
Convergent Plate Boundary
According to the Seafloor Spreading Theory, where does the movement of ocean floors begin?
Mid-ocean Ridge
At Rosario Station, the P-wave was detected at 6:45 PM, and the S-wave arrived at 6:46 PM. What is the distance from Rosario Station to the earthquake epicenter?
750 km
The seismic boundary that separates the Earth's crust from the mantle, identified by a distinct change in the velocity of seismic waves.
Mohorovičić discontinuity or Moho
What tropical plant did Wegener find fossils of in the frozen Arctic Circle, suggesting that the landmass had moved over time?
Glossopteris
The deepest trench in the Earth
Marianas Trench
This person used sonar to map the ocean floor and discovered the mid-ocean ridge in the Atlantic Ocean and also known as the proponent of Seafloor Spreading
Harry Hess