Earth's Layers
What is the outermost solid layer of the Earth?
What is the Crust
Who proposed the idea of continental drift?
Who is Alfred Wegener
Name the 3 main types of plate boundaries
Divergent, convergent, transform
What is Earths Inner most layer called?
Inner core
The name given to the continents when they were joined into one large landmass
Pangea
What layer makes up 84% of the Earth's total Volume?
What is the Mantle
What supercontinent existed about 335–175 million years ago?
What is Pangea
What happens at divergent boundaries?
Plates move apart from each other and new crust forms
Which crust is DENSER: Oceanic or continental
Oceanic
A form where two plates collide and one goes under the other
Convergent Plate Boundary with subduction
Which part of the Earth generates the magnetic field?
What evidence supported continental drift?
Fossils, rock formations, the shape of continents, ...
What forms when 2 CONTINENTAL plates collide?
Mountains form
What is the deepest point on earth?
Mariana's trench
Tectonic plates that move apart make oceans wider and form mid-ocean ridges. What type of plate boundary do these plates form?
Divergent
What is the Mohorovicic discontinuity (Moho)?
Why did scientists originally reject Wegener’s theory?
Because he could not explain how the plates move
Give an example of a transform boundary
San Andreas fault
According to the video we watched in class, about how fast do tectonic plates move each year?
Around 5-10 cm per year
When tectonic plates move toward each other, they form mountains and volcanoes. What type of boundary do these plates form?
Convergent
What is the difference between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere?
Lithosphere is the solid , outer layer of Earth the extends from the surface to the very top of the upper mantle
The asthenosphere is the layer below the lithosphere. It is more viscous than the lithosphere above it. This viscosity causes the tectonic plates above it to move,
How does the asthenosphere drive plate tectonic movement?
Convection currents
What is the difference between subduction convergent boundaries and collision divergent boundaries?
Subduction is when ocean plate goes underneath continental plate, volcanoes form
Collision is when two continental plates crash into each other and mountains form
About what percentage of the world's active volcanoes are located in the Ring of Fire?
75%
Avenal, California is located near the edge of two tectonic plates that are slowly sliding past each other and forming the San Andreas fault. What type of plate boundary is this?
Transform